Symposium on Cortisol Secretion Abnormalities Honoring Dr. George P. Chrousos[*]

Key words

Cushing syndrome - cortisol resistance - hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis - congenital adrenal hyperplasia - adrenal tumors - depression - corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH)

1 This symposium was held at Bethesda, Maryland, June 2006.

References

• 1 Butts CL. et al . Effects of Dexamethasone on Rat Dendritic Cell Function.  Horm Metab Res. 2007;  39 404-412
• 2 Pervanidou P, Chrousos GP. Posttraumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents: from Sigmund Freud's “Trauma” to psychopathology and the (Dys)metabolic syndrome.  Horm Metab Res. 2007;  39 413-419
• 3 Kino T. Tissue glucocorticoid sensitivity: beyond stochastic regulation on the diverse actions of glucocorticoids.  Horm Metab Res. 2007;  39 420-424
• 4 Colli LM. et al . Interindividual glucocorticoid sensitivity in young healthy subjects: the role of glucocorticoid receptor α and β isoforms ratio.  Horm Metab Res. 2007;  39 425-429
• 5 Kyrou I, Tsigos CT. Stress mechanisms and metabolic complications.  Horm Metab Res. 2007;  39 430-438
• 6 Torpy D, Ho JT. Value of free cortisol measurement in systemic infection.  Horm Metab Res. 2007;  39 439-444
• 7 Charmandari E, Kino T. Novel causes of generalized glucocorticoid resistance.  Horm Metab Res. 2007;  39 445-450
• 8 Friedman TC. et al . Dynamic pituitary MRI has high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of mild Cushing's syndrome and should be part of the initial workup.  Horm Metab Res. 2007;  39 451-456
• 9 Kanczkowski W. et al . Pam3CSK4 and LTA-TLRs ligands associated with microdomains induce IL8 production in human adrenocortical cancer cells.  Horm Metab Res. 2007;  39 457-460
• 10 Almeida MQ, Latronico AC. The molecular pathogenesis of childhood adrenocortical tumors.  Horm Metab Res. 2007;  39 461-466
• 11 Stratakis CA. Adrenocortical tumors, primary pigmented adrenocortical disease (PPNAD)/Carney complex and other bilateral hyperplasias: the NIH studies.  Horm Metab Res. 2007;  39 467-473
• 12 Kalantaridou SN. et al . The role of corticotropin-releasing hormone in blastocyst implantation and early fetal immunotolerance.  Horm Metab Res. 2007;  39 474-477
• 13 Gold PW, Chrousos GP. Organization of the stress system and its dysregulation in melancholic and atypical depression: high vs low CRH/NE states.  Mol Psychiatry. 2002;  7 254-275
• 14 Karalis K, Sano H, Redwine J, Listwak S, Wilder RL, Chrousos GP. Autocrine or paracrine inflammatory actions of corticotropin-releasing hormone in vivo.  Science. 1991;  254 421-423
• 15 Michelson D, Stratakis C, Hill L, Reynolds J, Galliven E, Chrousos G, Gold P. Bone mineral density in women with depression.  N Engl J Med. 1996;  335 1176-1181
• 16 Hurley DM, Accili D, Stratakis CA, Karl M, Vamvakopoulos N, Rorer E, Constantine K, Taylor SI, Chrousos GP. Point mutation causing a single amino acid substitution in the hormone binding domain of the glucocorticoid receptor in familial glucocorticoid resistance.  J Clin Invest. 1991;  87 680-686
• 17 Karl M, Lamberts SW, Detera-Wadleigh SD, Encio IJ, Stratakis CA, Hurley DM, Accili D, Chrousos GP. Familial glucocorticoid resistance caused by a splice site deletion in the human glucocorticoid receptor gene.  J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1993;  76 683-689
• 18 Stratakis CA, Karl M, Schulte HM, Chrousos GP. Glucocorticosteroid resistance in humans. Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms and implications for pathophysiology.  Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1994;  746 362-376
• 19 Charmandari E, Kino T, Chrousos GP. Familial/sporadic glucocorticoid resistance: clinical phenotype and molecular mechanisms.  Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2004;  1024 168-181
• 20 Chrousos GP, Schulte HM, Oldfield EH, Gold PW, Cutler Jr GB, Loriaux DL. The corticotropin-releasing factor stimulation test. An aid in the evaluation of patients with Cushing's syndrome.  N Engl J Med. 1984;  310 622-626
• 21 Chrousos GP, Schuermeyer TH, Doppman J, Oldfield EH, Schulte HM, Gold PW, Loriaux DL. NIH conference. Clinical applications of corticotropin-releasing factor.  Ann Intern Med. 1985;  102 344-358
• 22 Nieman LK, Cutler Jr GB, Oldfield EH, Loriaux DL, Chrousos GP. The ovine corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) stimulation test is superior to the human CRH stimulation test for the diagnosis of Cushing's disease.  J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1989;  69 165-169
• 23 Magiakou MA, Mastorakos G, Oldfield EH, Gomez MT, Doppman JL, Cutler Jr GB, Nieman LK, Chrousos GP. Cushing's syndrome in children and adolescents. Presentation, diagnosis, and therapy.  N Engl J Med. 1994;  331 629-636
• 24 Gomez MT, Magiakou MA, Mastorakos G, Chrousos GP. The pituitary corticotroph is not the rate limiting step in the postoperative recovery of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in patients with Cushing syndrome.  J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1993;  77 173-177
• 25 Cizza G, Chrousos GP. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone-dependent Cushing's syndrome.  Cancer Treat Res. 1997;  89 25-40
• 26 Willenberg HS, Stratakis CA, Marx C, Ehrhart-Bornstein M, Chrousos GP, Bornstein SR. Aberrant interleukin-1 receptors in a cortisol-secreting adrenal adenoma causing Cushing's syndrome.  N Engl J Med. 1998;  339 27-31
• 27 Stratakis CA, Carney JA, Lin JP, Papanicolaou DA, Karl M, Kastner DL, Pras E, Chrousos GP. Carney complex, a familial multiple neoplasia and lentiginosis syndrome. Analysis of 11 kindreds and linkage to the short arm of chromosome 2.  J Clin Invest. 1996;  97 699-705
• 28 Stratakis CA, Jenkins RB, Pras E, Mitsiadis CS, Raff SB, Stalboerger PG, Tsigos C, Carney JA, Chrousos GP. Cytogenetic and microsatellite alterations in tumors from patients with the syndrome of myxomas, spotty skin pigmentation, and endocrine overactivity (Carney complex).  J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996;  81 3607-3614
• 29 Koch CA, Pacak K, Chrousos GP. The molecular pathogenesis of hereditary and sporadic adrenocortical and adrenomedullary tumors.  J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;  87 5367-5384
• 30 Chrousos GP. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and immune-mediated inflammation.  N Engl J Med. 1995;  332 1351-1362
• 31 Chrousos GP, Kino T. Ikaros transcription factors: flying between stress and inflammation.  J Clin Invest. 2005;  115 844-848

1 This symposium was held at Bethesda, Maryland, June 2006.

Correspondence