Postnatale Konsequenzen fetaler Entwicklung: Einfluss der Geburtsmaße auf spätere Pubertätsentwicklung und potentielle Interaktion mit einer Wachstumshormontherapie

Zusammenfassung

Etwa 5-10% aller Kinder kommen, bezogen auf das jeweilige Gestationsalter, mit zu niedrigen Körpermaßen zur Welt („small for gestational age”=SGA). Neben dem Risiko, infolge fehlenden Aufholwachstums kleinwüchsig zu bleiben, wurden verschiedene metabolische und endokrine Störungen mit der SGA-Geburtlichkeit in Verbin-dung gebracht. So wurden wiederholt bei ehemalig hypotrophen Neugeborenen Auffälligkeiten bei der Pubertätsentwicklung beschrieben, insbesondere das Auftreten einer vorzeitigen Schambehaarung (prämature Pubarche). Die vorliegende Übersichtsarbeit gibt einen Überblick über den derzeitigen Wissenstand zu den Auswirkungen eines zu niedrigen Geburtsgewichtes auf die spätere Pubertätsentwicklung und die damit verknüpften Wechselwirkungen zwischen Puber-täts-und Längenentwicklung bei Kindern mit und ohne Wachstumshormontherapie.

Abstract

Five to ten percent of all children are born small for gestational age (SGA). SGA children are not only at risk of remaining small as an adult in case of lacking catch-up growth, but may develop several metabolic disturbances which might have a serious impact on the future health of these children. In this context, several studies described abnormalities of the pubertal development in SGA children, especially in SGA children demonstrating rapid postnatal weight gain. This review highlights the current knowledge of the relationship between auxiological birth para-meters and subsequent pubertal course, and the interrelationships between puberty and growth in SGA children with and without growth hormone therapy.

Schlüsselwörter

Geburtsgewicht - Pubertät - Hypotroph

Key words

SGA - IUGR - puberty - pubarche - adrenarche

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