Abstract
Purpose: There is little information on solitary tumorous calcification causing carpal tunnel
syndrome in the literature. This study describes our experience with surgically treated
cases of solitary tumorous calcification causing carpal tunnel syndrome. Methods: Seven patients with symptomatic carpal tunnel syndrome who had tumorous calcification
in the carpal tunnel confirmed by radiographical examinations and had then undergone
open incisional carpal tunnel release were reviewed. The precise location and the
appearance of the calcified mass were confirmed with the preoperative radiographic
examinations and the operative records. The additional histology and the composition
analysis of the calcified mass were also reviewed in five removed calcifications.
Results: Radiographs of each hand revealed a mass of calcification lying anterior to the capitate
bone in the carpal tunnel. Intraoperatively, an oval calcified nodule, measuring 10 × 10 × 10 – 18 mm,
was observed overlying the capitate, attached firmly to the palmar radiocarpal extrinsic
ligament. A composition with an average of 60 % basic calcium phosphate was revealed
by infrared absorption spectrometry. Histological sections showed a calcified deposit
surrounded by fibrocartilagenous tissue in three cases. Conclusion: These facts suggest that the pathogenesis of tumorous calcification causing carpal
tunnel syndrome is comparable with that of calcifying tendinitis of the rotator cuff
in which a cell-mediated reactive process plays an important role at the tendon insertion.
Zusammenfassung
Zweck: In der Literatur existiert nur wenig Information über tumoröse Verkalkungen als Ursache
für ein Karpaltunnelsyndrom. Wir beschreiben unsere Erfahrungen mit Patienten, die
aus diesem Grund operativ behandelt wurden. Patienten und Methode: Sieben Patienten, bei denen wegen einer tumorösen Verkalkung eine Karpaldachspaltung
vorgenommen worden war, wurden verfolgt. Die exakte Lokalisation und das Erscheinungsbild
der Kalkmassen wurden anhand der präoperativen Bildgebung und der Operationsberichte
bestätigt. Bei fünf Patienten wurden die entfernten Kalkdepots histologisch untersucht
und chemisch analysiert. Ergebnisse: Die radiologische Untersuchung zeigte in allen Fällen ein Kalkdepot im Karpalkanal
palmar des Kapitatums. Intraoperativ fanden sich kalzifizierte Knoten von 10 × 10 × 10 – 18 mm
Größe, die dem palmaren extrinsischen Bandapparat fest aufsaßen. Die Infrarot-Absorptionsspektrometrie
ergab eine Zusammensetzung von durchschnittlich 60 % basischem Kalziumphosphat. Die
histologische Untersuchung zeigte in 3 Fällen das Kalziumdepot umgeben von fibrokartilaginärem
Gewebe. Schlussfolgerung: Diese Ergebnisse lassen darauf schließen, dass die tumorösen Verkalkungen, die ein
Karpaltunnelsyndrom verursachen, mit kalzifizierender Tendinitis der Rotatorenmanschette
vergleichbar sind, bei der ein zellvermittelter reaktiver Prozess eine wichtige Rolle
spielt.
Key words
carpal tunnel syndrome - pathology - tumor - calcium deposition - crystal deposition
disease
Schlüsselwörter
Karpaltunnelsyndrom - Pathologie - Tumor - Kalkablagerung - Kristallopathie
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Jiro Namba MD
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Minoh City Hospital
5-7-1, Kayano
Minoh-City
Osaka 562-8562
Japan
Email: bpdum202@tcct.zaq.ne.jp