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DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-963238
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Biologika zur Therapie der juvenilen idiopathischen Arthritis - Update 2007
Biologics for Treatment of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis - Update 2007Publication History
Publication Date:
27 June 2007 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Mit der Erstzulassung des TNF-α-Antagonisten Etanercept zur Behandlung der juvenilen polyartikulären Arthritis vor nunmehr 8 Jahren wurden die Behandlungsmöglichkeiten revolutionär erweitert. Die heute zur Verfügung stehenden drei TNF-Antagonisten Etanercept, Adalimumab und Infliximab erscheinen gleichwertig effektiv bei der Behandlung der Arthritis, wenngleich keine Studien zum Direktvergleich zur Verfügung stehen. Die profunde Entzündungshemmung bewirkt eine Verminderung subjektiver Beschwerden, Morgensteifigkeit, Gelenkschmerzen, Müdigkeit/Fatigue, Verhinderung von Knorpel- und Knochendestruktionen und Aufholwachstum bei der weit überwiegenden Mehrheit der Patienten bei überraschend guter Verträglichkeit. Extraartikuläre Manifestationen, wie z. B. die chronische Uveitis und die systemischen Manifestationen im Rahmen eines Still-Syndroms lassen sich nicht mit gleicher Zuverlässigkeit kontrollieren. Adalimumab scheint aber für den Einsatz bei der JIA-assoziierten Uveitis besonders geeignet. Aufgrund der Verschiedenheit der Zytokindysregulation beim Still-Syndrom ist die Blockade der proinflammatorischen Zytokine Interleukin-1β und Interleukin-6 mit dem Interleukin-1-Rezeptoranatonisten Anakinra oder dem Interleukin-1-Rezeptor Fusionsprotein Rilonacept bzw. mit Tocilizumab, einem Antikörper gegen den Interleukin-6-Rezeptor, bereits in klinischen Studien erfolgreich untersucht. Neben der Zytokinblockade ist die Ausschaltung der Aktivierung von T-Zellen durch Blockade kostimulatorischer Moleküle mit Abatacept, einem CTLA4-IgG-Fusionsprotein, erfolgreich. Die vorliegende Übersicht soll den aktuellen Stand dieser neuen Therapiestrategien der differenziellen Zytokinblockade und der Aktivierungsblockade bei der Therapie der juvenilen idiopathischen Arthritis darstellen.
Abstract
Since Etancercept has been introduced as the first TNF-antagonist for treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis in 1999 the therapeutic repertoire has markedly widened. Today, there are three TNF-antagonists available: Etanercept, Infliximab and Adalimumab, which seem to have comparable efficacy for the treatment of arthritis. However, there are no studies comparing their efficacy directly. The profound depression of the inflammation clinically results in an improvement of fatigue, morning stiffness, joint pain, and joint swelling, alternates bone and cartilage destruction and increases catch up growth in the majority of patients. Extraarticular manifestations, especially uveitis, and systemic manifestations seem not to respond equally to treatment with the different TNF-antagonists. Adalimumab has been reported to be useful for treatment of JIA-associated uveitis. In systemic arthritis, however, due to a different cytokine dysregulation, direct blockade of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 using the interleukin-1-receptor-antagonist Anakinra, the interleukin-1-receptor fusion protein Rilonacept or the anti-interleukin-6-receptor antibody Tocilizumab has been evaluated in clinical trials. Blockade of accessory co-stimulatory molecules using the CTLA4-fusion protein Abatacept is an alternative to cytokine antagonisation and has also been tried. The aim of this report is to evaluare the current therapeutic options using biologics for treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
Schlüsselwörter
juvenile idiopathische Arthritis - Abatacept - Adalimumab - Anakinra - Etanercept - Infliximab - Rilonacept - Tocilizumab - Uveitis
Key words
juvenile idiopathic arthritis - Adalimumab - Etanercept - Infliximab - Uveitis - Abatacept - Anakinra - Rilonacept - Tocilizumab
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Prof. Gerd Horneff
Zentrum für Neonatologie und Allgemeine Pädiatrie, Asklepios Klinik Sankt Augustin
Arnold-Janssen-Str. 29
53575 Sankt Augustin
Phone: ++49/22 41/24 92 00
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Email: g.horneff@asklepios.com