Effect of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors on 1.25-(OH)₂ D Levels of Hypertensive Patients. Relationship with ACE Polymorphisms

Abstract

Background: The effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) on 1.25-dihydroxyvitamin D 1.25-(OH)2D levels has not been studied. The purpose of this study is to assess the relationship between 1.25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels and I/D angiotensin-converting enzyme polymorphism (ACE) in hypertensive patients. Materials and Methods: The study included 60 individuals (31 females and 29 males) with systolic and/or diastolic hypertension. The 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were measured by HPLC and the 1.25-(OH)₂ D was determined by RIA. ACE polymorphism was analyzed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using a modification of the original method described by Rigat. Results: Treatment with ACEIs produced an increase in total calcium (p=0.003) and a decrease in the 1.25-(OH)₂ D (p=0.0001). No relationship between final calcium and 1.25-(OH)₂ D (r=-0.171, p=0.198) was observed. When the effects of enalapril and quinapril were analyzed separately, the results were similar. When the patients were divided according to genotype, the decrease in 1.25-(OH)₂ D was observed only in patients with D allele, genotype Ins/Del (69±23 vs. 48±19, p=0.021 ) and in those of genotype Del/Del (64±19 vs. 17, p=0.004). Conclusion: The ACE inhibitors in combination with the presence of the DD genotype decrease the level of 1.25-(OH)₂ D. There was no difference between enalapril and quinapril treated groups.

1.25-Dihydroxyvitamin D - hypertension - angiotentensin converting enzyme - insertion/deletion polymorphism

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