Zusammenfassung
Einleitung: Die moderne Therapie des Rektumkarzinoms ist mit dem Problem funktioneller Störungen
behaftet. Operationsbedingte Störungen sind von Folgen der adjuvanten Therapie zu
differenzieren. Dazu werden Funktionseinschränkungen nach adjuvanter Radio-Chemotherapie
im eigenen Patientengut untersucht. Patienten und Methode: In einer Matched-Pair-Analyse nach Alter, Geschlecht und Operationszeitpunkt werden
32 Patienten (16 männlich und 16 weiblich) nach tiefer anteriorer Rektumresektion
± postoperativer Radio-Chemotherapie im Zeitraum von 1997 bis 2002 anhand der standardisierten
und validierten Testinstrumentarien short-Form-36-Health-Survey, EORTC QLQ-C30, QLQ-CR38
und ASCRS Fecal Incontinence Questionnaire) untersucht. Das Durchschnittsalter beträgt
61,8 (62,1) Jahre bei einer mittleren Nachbeobachtungszeit von 4 (3,8) Jahren. Ergebnisse: Zwei von insgesamt 40 untersuchten Parametern unterscheiden sich signifikant. Die
Auswertungen der Testinstrumentarien Short-Form-36-Health-Survey und EORTC QLQ-C30
zeigen keine signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen beiden Gruppen. Die Unterschiede
im QLQ-CR38 bezüglich des sexuellen Genusses sind signifikant, während die Differenzen
bezüglich Zukunftsperspektive, sexueller Funktion, Miktionsproblemen, gastrointestinaler
Störungen und Gewichtsverlust, männlicher, weiblicher Sexualprobleme und Defäkationsproblemen
nicht signifikant sind. Die Skalen Lebensstil, Anpassung und Selbstwahrnehmung des
ASCRS fecal incontinence questionnaire unterscheiden sich nicht signifikant nach adjuvanter
Radio-Chemotherapie oder alleiniger Operation. Der Unterschied bezüglich des Parameters
Verlegenheit ist statistisch signifikant. Diskussion: Während sich die Lebensqualität nach adjuvanter Radio-Chemotherapie oder alleiniger
tiefer anteriorer Rektumresektion nicht signifikant unterscheidet, zeigen die eigenen
Daten Tendenzen, die darauf hinweisen, dass die sexuelle Funktion und die Kontinenzfunktion
nach adjuvanter Radio-Chemotherapie stärker beeinträchtigt ist als nach alleiniger
tiefer anteriorer Rektumresektion.
Abstract
Introduction: Modern therapy for rectal cancer is associated with functional disorders. Dysfunction
as a consequence of surgery has to be distinguished from disorders caused by postoperative
therapy. Therefore we have compared the long-term functional results of patients who
received postoperative radio-chemotherapy or no therapy in conjunction with low anterior
resection of the rectum. Patients and Method: From 1997 to 2002, a total of 32 patients (16 males and 16 females) after low anterior
rectal resection and postoperative radio-chemotherapy or surgical therapy alone was
compared using standardized and validated instruments (Short-Form-36-Health-Survey,
EORTC QLQ-C30, QLQ-CR 38 and ASCRS fecal incontinence questionnaire) in a matched-pair
analysis (age, gender and time of surgery). Mean age was 61.8 (62.1) years and mean
follow-up was 4 (3.8) years. Results: Two out of the 40 examined parameters differed significantly. There were no significant
differences in Short-Form-36-Health-Survey and EORTC QLQ-C30 scales between both groups.
The QLQ-CR38 scale sexual enjoyment differed significantly, whereas future perspectives,
sexual functioning, micturition problems, symptoms in the area of the gastrointestinal
tract, weight loss, defecation problems, male and female sexual problems did not differ
significantly. The scales Lifestyle, Coping/Behavior and Depression/Self-Perception
of the ASCRS fecal incontinence questionnaire also did not differ significantly. The
difference for embarrassment was significant. Discussion: No differences in quality of life after postoperative radio-chemotherapy or no postoperative
therapy in conjunction with low anterior rectal resection can be found. There are,
however, tendencies that postoperative radio-chemotherapy has more adverse effects
on continence and sexual function than low anterior rectal resection alone.
Schlüsselwörter
Rektumkarzinom - totale mesorektale Exzision - Sexualfunktion - Blasenfunktion - Radiotherapie
Key words
Rectal cancer - total mesorectal excision - sexual function - urinary function - radiotherapy
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Dr. med. F. Fischer
Klinik für Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig Holstein, Campus Lübeck
Ratzeburger Allee 160
23538 Lübeck
Phone: 04 51/5 00 20 01
Fax: 04 51/5 00 20 69
Email: Fischer_F@web.de