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Psychiatr Prax 2005; 32(5): 221-232
DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-834566
Übersicht
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Das Stigma psychischer Erkrankung: Konzepte, Formen und Folgen

The Stigma of Mental Illness: Concepts, Forms, and ConsequencesNicolas  Rüsch1 , Matthias  C.  Angermeyer2 , Patrick  W.  Corrigan3
  • 1Abteilung Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universität Freiburg
  • 2Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie, Universität Leipzig
  • 3Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation at Evanston Northwestern Healthcare, and Chicago Consortium for Stigma Research
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Publikationsverlauf

Publikationsdatum:
28. Juni 2005 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Anliegen: Menschen mit psychischen Erkrankungen begegnen häufig öffentlichem Stigma und können unter Selbststigma leiden. Konzepte und Folgen von Stigma sollen diskutiert werden. Methode: Konzeptuell orientierte wissenschaftliche Literatur zum Stigma psychischer Erkrankung wurde gesichtet. Ergebnisse: Nach einem konzeptuellen Überblick werden Konsequenzen wie Selbststigma, Bewältigungsverhalten, Furcht vor Stigma als Behandlungshindernis und strukturelle Diskriminierung erläutert. Anti-Stigma-Strategien werden diskutiert. Schlussfolgerungen: Stigma kann sich negativ auf Verhalten und Behandlung auswirken. Dies kann durch Anti-Stigma-Initiativen gebessert werden.

Abstract

Objective: Persons with mental illness frequently encounter public stigma and may suffer from self-stigma. We aim to clarify the concept of mental illness stigma and discuss important consequences for people with mental illness. Method: A search of scientific literature on mental illness stigma was conducted with a focus on conceptually relevant empirical studies. Results: After giving a conceptual overview of stigma, we elaborate on the consequences of stigma, focussing on self-stigma/empowerment, coping behaviour, fear of stigma as a barrier to using health services, and on structural discrimination. Main strategies to reduce stigma - protest, education, and contact - are discussed. Conclusions: Stigma is of central importance to persons with mental illness, both to how they experience their illness and its consequences and whether they use available health services. Well-designed anti-stigma initiatives will help to diminish the impact of mental illness stigma.

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Nicolas Rüsch

Abteilung Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie · Universität Freiburg

Hauptstraße 5

79104 Freiburg

eMail: nicolas_ruesch@psyallg.ukl.uni-freiburg.de

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