cDNA-Microarrays in der Knorpelforschung - Funktionale Genomik der Osteoarthrose

Zusammenfassung

Die funktionale Genomanalyse stellt einen neuen experimentellen Ansatz dar, komplexe Erkrankungen wie die Osteoarthrose auf molekularer Ebene zu analysieren. Die Charakterisierung der molekularen Veränderungen auf zellulärer Ebene führt zu einem verbesserten Verständnis der molekularen Pathomechanismen dieser Erkrankung. Insbesondere kann auch zur Identifizierung und Charakterisierung neuer Zielmoleküle für therapeutische Interventionen beigetragen werden. Weiterhin sind potenzielle molekulare Marker für die Diagnose und die Verlaufskontrolle der Osteoarthrose Ziel differenzieller Genanalysen. Die Mikro-Array-Technologie ergänzt klassische biochemische und molekularbiologische Analyseansätze (ersetzt diese jedoch nicht) bei der Aufklärung krankheitsrelevanter Gene. Das ganze exprimierte Genom erfassende Analysen werden molekulare Netzwerke erschließen und Moleküle im anabol-katabolen Gleichgewicht des Gelenkknorpels sowie die relevanten intrazellulären Signalübertragungskaskaden identifizieren. Wichtig ist im Moment, auch die Limitationen der Mikro-Array-Technologie mit zu berücksichtigen, um Überinterpretationen von Ergebnissen zum jetzigen Zeitpunkt zu vermeiden. Dies könnte irreführend sein und verhindern, das Potenzial dieser Technologie effizient in die Aufklärung der Osteoarthrose einzubringen.

Abstract

Functional genomics represents a new challenging approach in order to analyze complex diseases such as osteoarthritis on a molecular level. The characterization of the molecular changes of the cartilage cells, the chondrocytes, enables a better understanding of the pathomechanisms of the disease. In particular, the identification and characterization of new target molecules for therapeutic intervention is of interest. Also, potential molecular markers for diagnosis and monitoring of osteoarthritis contribute to a more appropriate patient management. The DNA-microarray technology complements (but does not replace) biochemical and biological research in new disease-relevant genes. Large-scale functional genomics will identify molecular networks such as yet identified players in the anabolic-catabolic balance of articular cartilage as well as disease-relevant intracellular signaling cascades so far rather unknown in articular chondrocytes. However, at the moment it is also important to recognize the limitations of the microarray technology in order to avoid over-interpretation of the results. This might lead to misleading results and prevent to a significant extent a proper use of the potential of this technology in the field of osteoarthritis.

Schlüsselwörter

Funktionale Genomik - Knorpel - cDNA-Array-Technologie - Osteoarthrose - Chondrozyt

Key words

Functional genomics - cartilage - cDNA array - osteoarthritis - chondrocyte

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