Download PDF
Clin Colon Rectal Surg 2003; 16(4): 225-232
DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-815612
Copyright © 2002 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA. Tel.: +1(212) 584-4662

Laparoscopic Colectomy for Cancer: The Time Is Now

Pavlos Papasavas1 , Philip Caushaj2
  • 1Division of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Western Pennsylvania Hospital, Clinical Campus of Temple University School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
  • 2Department of Surgery, Western Pennsylvania Hospital, Clinical Campus of Temple University School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
12 January 2004 (online)

    Permissions and Reprints

ABSTRACT

The introduction of laparoscopy for the treatment of colorectal cancer initiated considerable controversy regarding its oncologic appropriateness. Prospective randomized trials were initiated to systematically compare laparoscopic with open techniques. Over a decade later there appears to be abundant evidence indicating that laparoscopic surgery is at least as safe and oncologically sound for the treatment of colorectal carcinoma as are open techniques. Moreover, in addition to the benefits associated with a minimally access technique, laparoscopic colectomy may confer a disease-free survival benefit to a subgroup of patients with colon cancer.

KEYWORDS

Laparoscopy - cancer - colectomy

REFERENCES

  • 1 Jacobs M, Verdeja J C, Goldstein H S. Minimally invasive colon resection (laparoscopic colectomy).  Surg Laparosc Endosc . 1991;  1 144-150
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons. Approved statement on laparoscopic colectomy.  Dis Colon Rectum . 1994;  37 638
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Hilliard G, Ramming K, Thompson Jr J, Passaro Jr E. The elusive colonic malignancy. A need for definitive preoperative localization.  Am Surg . 1990;  56 742-744
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Wexner S D, Cohen S M, Ulrich A, Reissman P. Laparoscopic colorectal surgery-are we being honest with our patients?.  Dis Colon Rectum . 1995;  38 723-727
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Vignati P, Welch J P, Cohen J L. Endoscopic localization of colon cancers.  Surg Endosc . 1994;  8 1085-1087
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Hammond D C, Lane F R, Mackeigan J M, Passinault W J. Endoscopic tattooing of the colon: clinical experience.  Am Surg . 1993;  59 205-210
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Sawaki A, Nakamura T, Suzuki T. et al . A two-step method for marking polypectomy sites in the colon and rectum.  Gastrointest Endosc . 2003;  57 735-737
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Tabibian N, Michaletz P A, Schwartz J T. et al . Use of an endoscopically placed clip can avoid diagnostic errors in colonoscopy.  Gastrointest Endosc . 1988;  34 262-264
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Ohdaira T, Konishi F, Nagai H. et al . Intraoperative localization of colorectal tumors in the early stages using a marking clip detector system.  Dis Colon Rectum . 1999;  42 1353-1355
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Luck A J, Thomas M L, Roediger W E, Hewett P J. Localization of the nonpalpable colonic lesion with intraoperative ultrasound.  Surg Endosc . 1999;  13 526-527
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Rezzo R, Scopinaro G, Gambaro M, Michetti P, Anfossi G. Radioguided occult colonic lesion identification (ROCLI) during open and laparoscopic surgery.  Tumori . 2002;  88 (suppl 3) S19-S22
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Milsom J W, Böhm B, Hammerhofer K A, Fazio V, Steiger E, Elson P. A prospective, randomized trial comparing laparoscopic versus conventional techniques in colorectal cancer surgery: a preliminary report.  J Am Coll Surg . 1998;  187 46-55
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Curet M J, Putrakul K, Pitcher D E, Josloff R K, Zucker K A. Laparoscopically assisted colon resection for colon carcinoma: perioperative results and long-term outcome.  Surg Endosc . 2000;  14 1062-1066
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Stage J G, Schulze S, Moller P. et al . Prospective randomized study of laparoscopic versus open colonic resection for adenocarcinoma.  Br J Surg . 1997;  84 391-396
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Lacy A M, Garcia-Valdecasas J C, Pique J M. et al . Short-term outcome analysis of a randomized study comparing laparoscopic vs open colectomy for colon cancer.  Surg Endosc . 1995;  9 1101-1105
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Foley E F, Kolecki R V, Schirmer B D. The accuracy of laparoscopic ultrasound in the detection of colorectal cancer liver metastases.  Am J Surg . 1998;  176 262-264
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Goletti O, Celona G, Galatioto C. et al . Is laparoscopic sonography a reliable and sensitive procedure for staging colorectal cancer?.  <~>A comparative study. Surg Endosc . 1998;  12 1236-1241
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Marchesa P, Milsom J W, Hale J C, O'Malley C M, Fazio V W. Intraoperative laparoscopic liver ultrasonography for staging of colorectal cancer. Initial experience.  Dis Colon Rectum . 1996;  39 (suppl 10) S73-S78
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Alexander R J, Jaques B C, Mitchell K G. Laparoscopically assisted colectomy and wound recurrence.  Lancet . 1993;  341 249-250
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Berends F J, Kazemier G, Bonjer H J, Lange J F. Subcutaneous metastases after laparoscopic colectomy.  Lancet . 1994;  344 58
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Zmora O, Gervaz P, Wexner S D. Trocar site recurrence in laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer.  Surg Endosc . 2001;  15 788-793
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Franklin Jr E M, Rosenthal D, Abrego-Medina D. et al . Prospective comparison of open vs laparoscopic colon surgery for carcinoma. Five-year results.  Dis Colon Rectum . 1996;  39 (suppl 10) S35-S46
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Vukasin P, Ortega A E, Greene F L. et al . Wound recurrence following laparoscopic colon cancer resection. Results of the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons Laparoscopic Registry.  Dis Colon Rectum . 1996;  39 (suppl 10) S20-S23
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Fleshman J W, Nelson H, Peters W R. et al . Early results of laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer. Retrospective analysis of 372 patients treated by Clinical Outcomes of Surgical Therapy (COST) Study Group.  Dis Colon Rectum . 1996;  39 (suppl 10) S53-S58
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Fielding G A, Lumley J, Nathanson L, Hewitt P, Rhodes M, Stitz R. Laparoscopic colectomy.  Surg Endosc . 1997;  11 745-749
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Croce E, Azzola M, Russo R, Golia M, Olmi S. Laparoscopic colectomy: the absolute need for a standard operative technique.  JSLS . 1997;  1 217-224
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Lacy A M, Garcia-Valdecasas J C, Delgado S. et al . Postoperative complications of laparoscopic-assisted colectomy.  Surg Endosc . 1997;  11 119-122
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Larach S W, Patankar S K, Ferrara A, Williamson P R, Perozo S E, Lord A S. Complications of laparoscopic colorectal surgery. Analysis and comparison of early vs latter experience.  Dis Colon Rectum . 1997;  40 592-596
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Schiedeck T H, Schwandner O, Baca I. et al . Laparoscopic surgery for the cure of colorectal cancer: results of a German five-center study.  Dis Colon Rectum . 2000;  43 1-8
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Poulin E C, Mamazza J, Schlachta C M, Gregoire R, Roy N. Laparoscopic resection does not adversely affect early survival curves in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal adenocarcinoma.  Ann Surg . 1999;  229 487-492
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Leung K L, Yiu R Y, Lai P B, Lee J F, Thung K H, Lau W Y. Laparoscopic-assisted resection of colorectal carcinoma: five-year audit.  Dis Colon Rectum . 1999;  42 327-333
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Reilly W T, Nelson H, Schroeder G, Wieand H S, Bolton J, O'Connell M J. Wound recurrence following conventional treatment of colorectal cancer. A rare but perhaps underestimated problem.  Dis Colon Rectum . 1996;  39 200-207
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Hughes E S, McDermott F T, Polglase A L, Johnson W R. Tumor recurrence in the abdominal wall scar tissue after large-bowel cancer surgery.  Dis Colon Rectum . 1983;  26 571-572
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 34 Bouvy N D, Marquet R L, Jeekel H, Bonjer H J. Impact of gas(less) laparoscopy and laparotomy on peritoneal tumor growth and abdominal wall metastases.  Ann Surg . 1996;  224 694-701
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 Whelan R L, Sellers G J, Allendorf J D. et al . Trocar site recurrence is unlikely to result from aerosolization of tumor cells.  Dis Colon Rectum . 1996;  39 (suppl 10) S7-S13
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Watson D I, Mathew G, Ellis T, Baigrie C F, Rofe A M, Jamieson G G. Gasless laparoscopy may reduce the risk of port-site metastases following laparascopic tumor surgery.  Arch Surg . 1997;  132 166-169
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 37 Neuhaus S J, Ellis T, Rofe A M, Pike G K, Jamieson G G, Watson D I. Tumor implantation following laparoscopy using different insufflation gases.  Surg Endosc . 1998;  12 1300-1302
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 38 Tseng L N, Berends F J, Wittich P. et al . Port-site metastases. Impact of local tissue trauma and gas leakage.  Surg Endosc . 1998;  12 1377-1380
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 39 Lee S W, Gleason N R, Bessler M, Whelan R L. Peritoneal irrigation with povidone-iodine solution after laparoscopic-assisted splenectomy significantly decreases port-tumor recurrence in a murine model.  Dis Colon Rectum . 1999;  42 319-326
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 40 Neuhaus S J, Watson D I, Ellis T, Rofe A M, Jamieson G G. Influence of cytotoxic agents on intraperitoneal tumor implantation after laparoscopy.  Dis Colon Rectum . 1999;  42 10-15
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 41 Wittich P, Marquet R L, Kazemier G, Bonjer H J. Port-site metastases after CO(2) laparoscopy. Is aerosolization of tumor cells a pivotal factor?.  Surg Endosc . 2000;  14 189-192
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 42 EAES Consensus Conference. Laparoscopic Resection of Colonic Carcinoma. Consensus proceedings; June 2, 2002; Lisbon, Spain
  • 43 Schwenk W, Böhm B, Muller J M. Postoperative pain and fatigue after laparoscopic or conventional colorectal resections. A prospective randomized trial.  Surg Endosc . 1998;  12 1131-1136
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 44 Weeks J C, Nelson H, Gelber S, Sargent D, Schroeder G. Short-term quality-of-life outcomes following laparoscopic-assisted colectomy vs open colectomy for colon cancer: a randomized trial.  JAMA . 2002;  287 321-328
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 45 Lezoche E, Feliciotti F, Paganini A M. et al . Laparoscopic vs open hemicolectomy for colon cancer.  Surg Endosc . 2002;  16 596-602
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 46 Lacy A M, Garcia-Valdecasas J C, Delgado S. et al . Laparoscopy-assisted colectomy versus open colectomy for treatment of non-metastatic colon cancer: a randomised trial.  Lancet . 2002;  359 2224-2229
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 47 Schwenk W, Böhm B, Haase O, Junghans T, Muller J M. Laparoscopic versus conventional colorectal resection: a prospective randomised study of postoperative ileus and early postoperative feeding.  Langenbecks Arch Surg . 1998;  383 49-55
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 48 Champault G G, Barrat C, Raselli R, Elizalde A, Catheline J M. Laparoscopic versus open surgery for colorectal carcinoma: a prospective clinical trial involving 157 cases with a mean follow-up of 5 years.  Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech . 2002;  12 88-95
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 49 Stocchi L, Nelson H, Young-Fadok T M, Larson D R, Ilstrup D M. Safety and advantages of laparoscopic vs open colectomy in the elderly: matched-control study.  Dis Colon Rectum . 2000;  43 326-332
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 50 Sklow B, Read T, Birnbaum E, Fry R, Fleshman J. Age and type of procedure influence the choice of patients for laparoscopic colectomy.  Surg Endosc . 2003;  17 923-929
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 51 Basse L, Hjort Jakobsen D, Billesbolle P, Werner M, Kehlet H. A clinical pathway to accelerate recovery after colonic resection.  Ann Surg . 2000;  232 51-57
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 52 Bradshaw B G, Liu S S, Thirlby R C. Standardized perioperative care protocols and reduced length of stay after colon surgery.  J Am Coll Surg . 1998;  186 501-506
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 53 Williams C D, Brenowitz J B. Ventilatory patterns after vertical and transverse upper abdominal incisions.  Am J Surg . 1975;  130 725-728
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 54 Schwenk W, Böhm B, Witt C, Junghans T, Grundel K, Muller J M. Pulmonary function following laparoscopic or conventional colorectal resection: a randomized controlled evaluation.  Arch Surg . 1999;  134 6-13
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 55 Delgado S, Lacy A M, Garcia Valdecasas C J. et al . Could age be an indication for laparoscopic colectomy in colorectal cancer?.  Surg Endosc . 2000;  14 22-26
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 56 Winslow E R, Fleshman J W, Birnbaum E H, Brunt L M. Wound complications of laparoscopic vs open colectomy.  Surg Endosc . 2002;  16 1420-1425
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 57 Lumley J, Stitz R, Stevenson A, Fielding G, Luck A. Laparoscopic colorectal surgery for cancer: intermediate to long-term outcomes.  Dis Colon Rectum . 2002;  45 867-875
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 58 Delgado S, Lacy A M, Filella X. et al . Acute phase response in laparoscopic and open colectomy in colon cancer: randomized study.  Dis Colon Rectum . 2001;  44 638-646
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 59 Nelson H. Laparoscopic colectomy for colon cancer-a trial update.  Swiss Surg . 2001;  7 248-251
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 60 Schlachta C M, Mamazza J, Seshadri P A, Cadeddu M, Gregoire R, Poulin E C. Defining a learning curve for laparoscopic colorectal resections.  Dis Colon Rectum . 2001;  44 217-222
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 61 Reissman P, Cohen S, Weiss E G, Wexner S D. Laparoscopic colorectal surgery: ascending the learning curve.  World J Surg . 1996;  20 277-282
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 62 Bennett C L, Stryker S J, Ferreira M R, Adams J, Beart Jr W R. The learning curve for laparoscopic colorectal surgery. Preliminary results from a prospective analysis of 1194 laparoscopic-assisted colectomies.  Arch Surg . 1997;  132 41-45
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 63 COLOR: a randomized clinical trial comparing laparoscopic and open resection for colon cancer.  Dig Surg . 2000;  17 617-622
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 64 Stead M L, Brown J M, Bosanquet N. et al . Assessing the relative costs of standard open surgery and laparoscopic surgery in colorectal cancer in a randomised controlled trial in the United Kingdom.  Crit Rev Oncol Hematol . 2000;  33 99-103
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 65 Ritchie Jr P W, Rhodes R S, Biester T W. Work loads and practice patterns of general surgeons in the United States, 1995-1997; a report from the American Board of Surgery.  Ann Surg . 1999;  230 533-543
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
      >