Abstract
The purpose of this study was to verify whether the maximal lactate steady state
(MLSS) corresponds to a physiological steady state. Eight male trained subjects performed
a 30-min test on a cycle ergometer at a constant power corresponding to their own
MLSS which had been previously determined. No significant variation was observed
between the 10th and the 30th min for arterial lactate concentration, redox state, arterial oxygen pressure, arterial
oxygen saturation, bicarbonates concentration, base excess, hematocrit, hemoglobin
concentration, plasma volume, oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide output, gas exchange
ratio, minute ventilation, ventilatory equivalents for oxygen and carbon dioxide,
and arterial systolic blood pressure values. However, arterial carbon dioxide pressure
and pH values were significantly different between the 10th and the 30th min (p < 0.01). Respiratory rate values and heart rate significantly increased (p
< 0.01). These results indicate that MLSS does not correspond to a complete physiological
steady state.
Key words
Cycling - endurance - constant submaximal - workloads
References
1
Baron B, Pelayo P.
Blood lactate, heart rate and systolic blood pressure measurements provide a reliable
estimate of the aerobic capacity in running and swimming.
J Hum Movement Stud.
2001;
41
165-174
2
Bassett D R, Howley E T.
Maximal oxygen uptake: “classical” vs. “contemporary” viewpoints.
Med Sci Sports Exerc.
1997;
29
591-603
3
Beaver W L, Wasserman K, Whipp B J.
Improved detection of lactate threshold during exercise using a log-log transformation.
J Appl Physiol.
1986;
59
1936-1940
4
Benade A JS, Heisler N.
Comparison of efflux rates of hydrogen and lactate ions from isolated muscles in
vitro.
Respir Physiol.
1978;
32
369-380
5
Beneke R.
Anaerobic threshold, individual anaerobic threshold, and maximal lactate steady state
in rowing.
Med Sci Sports Exerc.
1995;
27
863-867
6
Beneke R, von Duvillard S P.
Determination of maximal lactate steady state response in selected sports events.
Med Sci Sports Exerc.
1996;
28
241-246
7
Beneke R, Hütler M, Leithäuser R M.
Maximal lactate-steady-state independent of performance.
Med Sci Sports Exerc.
2000;
32
1135-1139
8
Berthoin S, Pelayo P, Baquet G, Marais G, Robin H.
Effets des variations du volume plasmatique sur les concentrations de lactate et
leur cinétique de récupération après des exercices maximaux et supramaximaux.
Sciences et Sports.
2000;
15
31-39
9
Borg G AV.
The increase of perceived exertion, aches and pain in legs, heart rate and blood
lactate during exercise on a bicycle ergometer.
Eur J Appl Physiol.
1985;
54
343-349
10
Bosquet L, Léger L, Legros P.
Methods to determine aerobic endurance.
Sports Med.
2002;
32
675-700
11
Bouckaert J, Pannier J L.
Blood ammonia response to treadmill and bicycle exercise in man.
Int J Sports Med.
1995;
16
141-144
12
Brisswalter J, Hausswith C, Smith D, Vercrussen F, Vallier J M.
Energetically optimal cadence vs. freely-chosen cadence during cycling: effect of
exercise duration.
Int J Sports Med.
1999;
20
60-64
13
Buono M J, Clancy T R, Cook J R.
Blood lactate and ammonium ion accumulation during graded exercise in human.
J Appl Physiol.
1984;
57
135-139
14
Chmura J, Nazar K, Kaciuba-Uscilko H.
Choice reaction time during graded exercise in relation to blood lactate and plasma
catecholamine thresholds.
Int J Sports Med.
1994;
15
172-176
15
Conconi F, Ferrari M, Ziglio G P, Droghetti P, Codeca L.
Determination of the anaerobic threshold by a non-invasive field in runners.
J Appl Physiol.
1992;
52
869-873
16
Costill D L, Thomason H, Roberts E.
Fractional utilization of the aerobic capacity during distance running.
Med Sci Sports.
1973;
5
248-252
17
Coyle E F, Gonzalez-Alonso J.
Cardiovascular drift during prolonged exercise : new perspectives.
Exerc Sport Sci Rev.
2001;
29
88-92
18
Gollnick P D, Bayly W M, Hodgson D R.
Exercise intensity, training diet and lactate concentration in muscle blood.
Med Sci Sports Exerc.
1986;
18
334-340
19
Hughson R L, Green H J.
Blood acid-base and lactate relationships studied by ramp work tests.
Med Sci Sports Exerc.
1982;
14
297-302
20
Jones N L.
Hydrogen ion balance during exercise.
Clin Sci.
1980;
59
85-91
21
Katz A, Sahlin K.
Regulation of lactic acid production during exercise.
J Appl Physiol.
1988;
65
509-518
22
Kindermann W, Simon G, Keul J.
The significiance of aerobic-anaerobic transition for the determination of workload
intensities during endurance training.
Eur J Appl.Physiol.
1979;
40
1-5
23
Lajoie C, Laurencelle L, Trudeau F.
Physiological responses to cycling for 60 minutes at maximal lactate steady state.
Can J Appl Physiol.
2000;
25
250-261
24
Lindinger M I, Heigenhauser G J.
The role of ion fluxes in skeletal muscle fatigue.
Can J Physiol Pharm.
1991;
69
246-253
25
McLellan T M, Cheug K SY, Jacobs I.
Incremental test protocol, recovery mode, and the individual anaerobic threshold.
Int J Sports Med.
1991;
12
190-195
26
Ogino K, Kinugawa T, Osaki S, Kato M, Endoh A, Furuse Y, Uchida K, Shimoyama M, Igawa O,
Hisatome I, Shigemasa C.
Ammonia response to a constant exercise differences to the lactate response.
Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol.
2000;
27
612-617
27 Raven P, Stevens G. Cardiovascular function during prolonged exercise. Perspectives
in Exerc Sci Sports Med. Lamb D. and Murray R Indianapolis; Benchmark Press 43-71
1988
28
Ribeiro J P, Huges V, Fielding R A, Holden W, Evans W, Knuttgen H G.
Metabolic and ventilatory responses to steady state exercise relative to lactate
thresholds.
Eur J Physiol.
1986;
55
215-221
29
Robergs R A.
Exercise-induced metabolic acidosis: where do the protons come from.
Sportscience.
2001;
5
2-20
30
Rowell L, O’Leary D.
Reflex control of the circulation during exercise: Chemoreflexes and mechanoreflexes.
J Appl Physiol.
1990;
69
407-418
31
Spriet L L, Heigenhauser G J.
Regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity in human skeletal muscle during
exercise.
Exerc Sport Sci Rev.
2002;
30(2)
9-15
32
Stegmann H, Kindermann W, Schnabel A.
Lactate kinetics and individual anaerobic threshold.
Int J Sports Med.
1981;
2
160-165
33
Stewart P A.
Modern quantitative acid-base chemisty.
Can J Physiol Pharm.
1983;
61
1444-1461
34
Tegtbur U, Busse M W, Braumann K MT.
Estimation of an individual equilibrium between lactate production and catabolism
during exercise.
Med Sci Sports Exerc.
1993;
25
620-627
35
Vanuxem D, Delpierre S, Fauvelle E, Guillot C, Vanuxem P.
Blood ammonia and ventilation at maximal exercise.
Arch Physiol Biochem.
1998;
106
290-296
36
Wasserman K, Whipp B J, Davis J A.
Respiratory physiology of exercise: metabolism, gas exchange and ventilatory control.
Widdicombe: University Park Press (Ed.) .
Int Rew Physiol Resp Physiology III.
1981;
23
149-211
37
Wasserman K, Beaver W L, Whipp B J.
Mechanisms and patterns of blood lactate increase during exercise in man.
Med Sci Sports Exerc.
1986;
18
344-352
38
Wasserman K, Koike A.
Is the anaerobic threshold truly anaerobic?.
Chest.
1992;
101(5 Suppl)
211-218
39 Weltman A. The blood lactate response to exercise.
In: Current issues in exercise science. Monograph 4. Champaign. IL; Human Kinetics 1995
40
Westerblad H, Bruton J D, Laënnergren J.
The effect of intracellular pH on contractile function of intact, single fibres of
mouse muscle declines with increasing temperature.
J Physiol.
1997;
500
193-204
41
Westerblad H, Allen D G, Laënnergren J.
Muscle fatigue: lactic acid or inorganic phosphate the major cause?.
News Physiol Sci.
2002;
17
17-21
42
Wiserman R W, Beck T W, Chase P B.
Effect of intracellular pH on force development depends on temperature in intact
skeletal muscle from mouse.
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol.
1996;
271
878-886
P. Pelayo
Faculté des Sciences du Sport · 9 rue de l’Université · 59 790 Ronchin · France
·
Telefon: +33 320 887 390
Fax: +33 320 887 363
eMail: pelayo@hp-sc.univ-lille2.fr