Hyperlipidämie - Nebenwirkung von „atypischen” Neuroleptika?

Zusammenfassung

Nach der Markteinführung der so genannten ‚atypischen Neuroleptika’ sind eine Reihe von Berichten über erhöhte Blutfettwerte bei Patienten, die mit diesen Medikamenten behandelt wurden, veröffentlicht worden. In dieser Übersicht sollen die bisher in der Literatur beschriebenen Berichte und Studien referiert werden. Nach den bisher vorliegenden Daten ist eine Hyperlipidämie besonders bei Patienten, die mit Clozapin, Olanzapin und auch Quetiapin behandelt wurden, beobachtet worden. Es sind insbesondere starke Anstiege der Serumkonzentrationen der Triglyzeride berichtet worden. Die zugrunde liegenden Pathomechanismen sind noch nicht hinreichend geklärt. Da eine Hyperlipidämie ein wichtiger Aspekt des so genannten metabolischen Syndroms ist, das sehr häufig zu schwer wiegenden Folgeerkrankungen, v. a. Herz-/Kreislauferkrankungen, führt, sollte einer Hyperlipidämie als einer möglichen Nebenwirkung von Neuroleptika vermehrt Aufmerksamkeit gewidmet werden.

Abstract

After the introduction of the so-called ‘atypical antipsychotics’ some reports concerning hyperlipidemia observed in patients treated with these drugs have been published. The studies and case reports available up to now were reviewed. The available data show that hyperlipidemia particularly occurred in patients receiving clozapine, olanzapine and also quetiapine. Predominately elevated serum levels of triglycerides have been reported. The underlying pathomechanism still remains widely unclear. Since hyperlipidemia is an important symptom of the so called ‘metabolic syndrome’ which is often associated with severe complications like cardial and vascular diseases, more attention should be paid to hyperlipidemia as a potential side effect of antipsychotics.

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