Zusammenfassung
Die Beziehung zwischen Epilepsie und Depression ist viel enger als lange angenommen
wurde. Eine depressive Symptomatik ist nicht nur eine häufige Komplikation der Epilepsie,
sondern offenbar auch ein Risikofaktor für ihre Manifestation. Dies führt zu unserer
Hypothese eines gemeinsamen Pathomechanismus, der das komorbide Auftreten von Epilepsie
und Depression als neuropsychiatrische Erkrankung begünstigt. Die favorisierte Monoamin-Mangel-Hypothese
lässt einen antikonvulsiven Effekt von Antidepressiva erwarten, der sowohl tierexperimentell
als auch durch klinische Pilotstudien belegt ist. Entgegen großer Skepsis vieler Neurologen
kann man depressiven Epilepsiepatienten unter einem vorsichtigen therapeutischen Regime
durchaus eine antidepressive Medikation verordnen. Damit verbessert man nicht nur
ihre Lebensqualität, sondern erzielt mit einiger Wahrscheinlichkeit sogar einen zusätzlichen
antikonvulsiven Effekt.
Abstract
The relationship between epilepsy and depression is much closer than previously appreciated.
Depression is not merely a complication of epilepsy, but obviously also a risk factor
for seizures. This leads to our assumption of a common pathomechanism that facilitates
the comorbid presentation of epilepsy and depression as a neuro-psychiatric disease.
The favoured monoamine-deficit-hypothesis suggests an anticonvulsant effect of antidepressants
which, indeed, has been found animal-experimentally as well as in clinical studies.
Despite of great scepticism of many neurologists, a cautious antidepressant regime
may be efficacious not only with respect to health-related quality of life, but also
to seizure control.
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1 Wir danken Frau Dr. I. Ritzmann, Medizinhistorisches Institut und Museum der Universität
Zürich, für die Bereitstellung der deutschen Übersetzung.
PD Dr. med. R. E. Ganz
Schweizerisches Epilepsie-Zentrum
Bleulerstraße 60
8008 Zürich · Schweiz
Email: reinhard.ganz@swissepi.ch