Subscribe to RSS
DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-39329
Sporadische akute Hepatitis E in Deutschland: eine zu selten erkannte Erkrankung?
Sporadic Acute Hepatitis E in Germany: an Underdiagnosed Phenomenon?Publication History
Manuscript-Eingang: 30.9.2002
Annahme nach Revision: 13.12.2002
Publication Date:
28 May 2003 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Die akute Hepatitis E ist die weltweit häufigste Ursache der fäkal-oral übertragenen Hepatitis. In Deutschland ist die akute Hepatitis-E-Viruserkrankung weitgehend auf Rückkehrer aus Endemiegebieten beschränkt.
Ein 33-jähriger Mann wurde wegen eines schmerzlosen hepatozellulären Ikterus in ein Krankenhaus eingewiesen. Die Leberbiopsie zeigte eine akute Hepatitis; durch Serologie konnte keine Ursache nachgewiesen werden. Nach Entlassung waren die Transaminasen weiter erhöht. Die nachfolgenden serologischen Untersuchungen (anti-HEV-IgG und anti-HEV-lgM) erbrachten das Ergebnis einer akuten Hepatitis E. Die Leberparameter normalisierten sich im Verlauf von sechs Monaten vollständig. Eine detaillierte anamnestische Befragung ergab keinen Aufenthalt in einem Hepatitis-E-Endemiegebiet oder Kontakt zu Rückkehrern aus diesen Gebieten. Neben unserem Fall wurden 2001 weitere 34 Fälle von akuter Hepatitis E an das Robert-Koch-Institut gemeldet, in fünf davon erfolgte die Infektion offensichtlich in Deutschland.
Entgegen der bisherigen Auffassung kann eine sporadische Hepatitis-E-lnfektion in Deutschland erworben werden und sollte in die differenzialdiagnostischen Überlegungen bei akuter seronegativer (non-A-non-B-non-C-)Hepatitis einbezogen werden.
Abstract
Hepatitis E virus infection is the leading cause of enterically transmitted hepatitis worldwide. Case reports of hepatitis E in individuals in Germany so far related to travel to endemic areas.
A 33-year-old man presented with painless jaundice. By serology and liver biopsy, no cause of hepatitis could be identified. After discharge transaminases were persistently elevated. Serology (IgG and IgM) confirmed acute hepatitis E. The transaminases declined to normal values within six months. Detailed anamnestic questioning revealed no travel to an endemic region or contact with individuals who had visited such areas. In addition to our patient, a total of 34 cases of acute hepatitis E were reported to the Robert-Koch-Institute (German center of disease control) in 2001. In five of them, the disease had obviously been acquired in Germany.
These data indicate that community acquired hepatitis E virus infection may occur sporadically in Germany and should be considered as a cause of seronegative (non-A-non-B-non-C) hepatitis.
Schlüsselwörter
Akute sporadische Hepatitis - Hepatitis E - Deutschland
Key words
Acute sporadic hepatitis - hepatitis E - Germany
Literatur
- 1
Zhuang H.
Hepatitis E and strategies for its control. In Viral hepatitis in China: problems
and control strategies.
Monogr Virol.
1992;
19
126-139
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 2
Smith J L.
A review of hepatitis E virus.
J Food Prot.
2001;
64
572-586
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 3
Tassopoulos N C, Krawczynski K, Hatzakis A. et al .
Case report: role of hepatitis E virus in the etiology of community acquired non-A,
non-B hepatitis in Greece.
J Med Virol.
1994;
42
124-128
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 4
Chapman B A, Burt M J, Wilkinson I D. et al .
Community acquired viral hepatitis in New Zealand: a case of sporadic hepatitis E
virus infection.
Aust NZ J Med.
1993;
23
722-723
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 5
Sallie R, Silva A E, Purdy M. et al .
Hepatitis C and E in non-A non-B fulminant hepatic failure: a polymerase chain reaction
and serology study.
J Hepatol.
1994;
20
580-588
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 6
Coursaget P, Depril N, Buisson Y. et al .
Hepatitis type E in a French population: detection of anti-HEV by a synthetic peptide-based
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Res Virol.
1994;
145
51-57
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 7
Heath T CB, Burrow J NC, Currie B J. et al .
Locally acquired hepatitis E in the Northern Territory of Australia.
Med J Aust.
1995;
162
318-319
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 8
Mast E E, Kuramoto I K, Favorov M O. et al .
Prevalence of and risk factors for antibody to hepatitis E virus seroreactivity among
blood donors in northern California.
J Infect Dis.
1997;
176
34-40
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 9
McCrudden R, OfConnell S, Farrant T. et al .
Sporadic acute hepatitis E in the united kingdom: an underdiagnosed phenomenon?.
Gut.
2000;
46
732-733
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 10
Schröder O, Lee J H, Herrmann G. et al .
Severe acute cholestatic viral hepatitis E in a non-pregnant woman.
Dtsch Med Wochenschr.
1997;
122
21-24
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 11
Bulang T, Porst H.
Hepatitis E after travel to India - 2 case reports.
Z Gastroenterol.
2000;
38
249-253
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 12
Hartmann W J, Frosner G G, Eichenlaub D.
Transmission of hepatitis E in Germany.
Infection.
1998;
26
409
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 13
Koksal I, Aydin K, Kardes B. et al .
The role of hepatitis E virus in acute sporadic non-A, non-B hepatitis.
Infection.
1994;
22
407-410
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 14
Van der Poel W HM, Verschoor F, van der Heide R. et al .
Hepatitis E virus sequences in swine related to human Hepatitis E virus sequences,
The Netherlands.
Emerging Infectious Diseases.
2001;
6
970-976
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 15
Nanda S K, Ansari I H, Acharya S K. et al .
Protracted viremia during acute sporadic hepatitis E virus infection.
Gastroenterology.
1995;
108
225-230
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 16
Dilawari J B, Singh K, Chawla Y K. et al .
Hepatitis E virus: epidemiological, clinical and serological studies of a north Indian
epidemic.
lndian J Gastroenterol.
1994;
13
44-48
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 17
Tsega E, Krawczynski K, Hansson B G. et al .
Hepatitis E virus infection in pregnancy in Ethiopia.
Ethiop Med J.
1993;
31
173-181
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 18
Johansson P J, Mushahwar I K, Norkrans G. et al .
Hepatitis E virus infections in patients with acute hepatitis non-A-D in Sweden.
Scand J Infect Dis.
1995;
27
543-546
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 19
Skidmore S J, Sherratt L M.
Hepatitis E infection in the UK.
J Viral Hepat.
1996;
3
103-105
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 20
Psichogiou M A, Tassopoulos N C, Papatheodoridis G V. et al .
Hepatitis E virus infection in a cohort of patients with acute non-A, non-B hepatitis.
J Hepatol.
1995;
23
668-673
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 21
Worm H C, Wurzer H, Frosner G.
Sporadic hepatitis E in Austria.
N Engl J Med.
1998;
339
1554-1555
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 22 Yarbough P O, Garza E, Tarn A W. et al .Assay development of diagnostic tests for hepatitis. E. In Nishioka K, Suzuki H, Mishiro S, Oda T Viral Hepatitis and Liver Disease Tokyo; Springer-Verlag 1994: 367-370
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 23
Zaaijer H L, Mauser-Bunschoten E P, ten V een JH. et al .
Hepatitis E virus antibodies among patients with hemophilia, blood donors, and hepatitis
patients.
J Med Virol.
1995;
46
244-246
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 24
Buti M, Jardi R, Cotrina M. et al .
Hepatitis E virus infection in acute hepatitis in Spain.
J Virol Methods.
1995;
55
49-54
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 25
Knödler B, Hiller J, Löliger C G. et al .
Hepatitis-E-Antikörper bei Blutspendern, Hämodialysepatienten und in der Normalbevölkerung.
Beitr Infusionsther Transfusionsmed.
1994;
32
124-127
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 26
Nubling M, Hofmann F, Tiller F W.
Occupational risk for hepatitis A and hepatitis E among health care professionals?.
Infection.
2002;
30
94-97
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 27
Christensen P B, Engle R E, Jacobsen S E. et al .
High prevalence of hepatitis E antibodies among Danish prisoners and drug users.
J Med Virol.
2002;
66
49-55
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 28
Teschke R.
Arzneimittelbedingte Lebererkrankungen.
Z Gastroenterol.
2002;
40
305-326
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
Dr. med. N. Teich
Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, Universität Leipzig
Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 27
04103 Leipzig
Email: teichn@medizin.uni-leipzig.de