Zusammenfassung
Über den seltenen Fall eines adenosquamösen Karzinoms des Gaumens bei einem 74-jährigen
Patienten wird berichtet. Durch das zunächst benigne makroskopische Erscheinungsbild
und das radiologisch unauffällige Verhalten des Tumors wurde die Diagnosestellung
verzögert, die Biopsie zeigte jedoch den charakteristischen biphasischen Aufbau des
adenosquamösen Karzinoms aus adenomatösen und squamösen Karzinomanteilen neben kleinen
Speicheldrüsen. Das aggressive Wachstumsverhalten und die schlechtere Prognose verlangen
eine deutliche Abgrenzung des adenosquamösen Karzinoms vor allem vom mukoepidermalen
Karzinom der Speicheldrüsen. Wegen der geringen Strahlensensitivität und bisher unzureichender
Erfahrungen mit der Chemotherapie bei diesem Tumor wurde den Empfehlungen der Literatur
gemäß eine radikale chirurgische Therapie durchgeführt. Durch die Resektion des gesamten
weichen Gaumens konnte der Tumor in sano entfernt werden. Zur Erhaltung der vitalen Funktionen erfolgte die Rekonstruktion
des Gaumens mit einem vaskularisierten Tensor-fasciae-latae-Perforator-Lappen. Erstmals
wurde der Serumspiegel des karzinoembryonalen Antigens prä- und posttherapeutisch
bestimmt. Der 29fach erhöhte Wert sank postoperativ deutlich, wies jedoch auf eine
Resttumorlast hin, die sich in Form von Lungenmetastasen fand. Der Krankheitsverlauf
bei Patienten mit adenosquamösem Karzinom im Kopf-Hals-Bereich zeigt wegen der Grenzen
der therapeutischen Möglichkeiten die Wichtigkeit der möglichst frühzeitigen histologischen
Diagnosestellung.
Abstract
A rare case of adenosquamous carcinoma in a 74 year-old man is reported. Presenting
as a nodule on the soft palate, diagnosis was prolonged because of the benign macroscopic
aspect. CT-scan and MR-tomography showed an encapsulated lesion but biopsy and histologic
examination revealed the typical features of adenosquamous carcinoma. The tumour consisted
of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma in close proximity to minor salivary
glands of which the tumour seemed to have its origin. This entity, although rare in
the head and neck region has been documented to be very aggressive with early regional
and hematogenic metastasis. Therefore it has to be distinguished from other tumours,
especially from mucoepidermoid carcinomas of the salivary glands, which have a better
prognosis. Adenosquamous carcinoma is considered to have poor radiosensitivity and
chemotherapeutic approaches have also not been successful in the literature. In our
case radical surgic therapy was performed by excision of the whole soft palate and
bilateral neck dissection. This resulted in total removal of the tumour but revealed
bilateral lymph node metastases. Vital functions were saved by reconstruction of the
palate with a free vascularized tensor-fasciae-latae-perforator-flap. For the first
time in a case of adenosquamous carcinoma carcinoembryonic antigen in serum was monitored.
A pretherapeutical 29-fold elevation resulted in a marked decrease after surgery,
but supranormal values indicated remaining tumour burden which was found in metastases
in the lung. Because of the limitations in therapy, early histologic diagnosis is
most important in this highly malignant tumour.
Schlüsselwörter
Adenosquamöses Karzinom - Gaumen - Tensor-fasciae-latae-Perforator-Lappen - Karzinoembryonales
Antigen
Key words
Adenosquamous carcinoma - Palate - Tensor-fasciae-latae-perforator-flap - Carcinoembryonic
antigen
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Prof. Dr. J. Kornfehl
Universitätsklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenkrankheiten · Allgemeines Krankenhaus
Wien
Währinger Gürtel 18-20 · 1090 Wien · Österreich
Email: Johannes.Kornfehl@akh-wien.ac.at