Zusammenfassung
Die medikamentöse Behandlung von Epilepsien ist ein Schwerpunktgebiet der Neurologie, das nicht nur in spezialisierten Zentren von Bedeutung ist, sondern auch von niedergelassenen Kollegen häufige und wichtige therapeutische Entscheidungen erfordert. Die Wahl des richtigen Antikonvulsivums ist nicht immer einfach zu treffen, da sich die Möglichkeiten durch die Neuentwicklung zahlreicher Substanzen in den letzten 10 Jahren sehr erweitert haben. Dadurch ergeben sich neue Therapiestrategien, die eine differenziertere Einzeltherapie ermöglichen, als es durch die bisher verhältnismäßig wenigen am Markt zugelassenen Substanzen möglich war. Die neuen Substanzen zeichnen sich insgesamt durch bessere Verträglichkeit und geringere Nebenwirkungen aus, allerdings ist eine genauere Kenntnis der Wirkungs- und Nebenwirkungsprofile erforderlich. Die Pharmakologie, Pharmakokinetik, Indikation, Dosierung und Nebenwirkungen der einzelnen Substanzen werden kurz zusammengefasst diskutiert.
Abstract
The pharmacological treatment of epilepsies represents an important domain of neurological therapeutical strategies and is not only important for specialized epilepsy centres, but for all hospital -and office-based neurologists. The choice of the right anticonvulsive drug is not always simple since the development of new drugs during the last 10 years offers a broad range of possibilities. Therefore, pharmacological treatment has become more sophisticated than it was with relatively few anticonvulsive drugs before. The new drugs are better tolerated and have less side effects, but more knowledge is required about the specific aspects of each drug. Pharmacology, pharmacocinetics, indication, dosage and side effects of the substances will be summarized and discussed.
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