Semin intervent Radiol 2002; 19(1): 039-050
DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-25138
Copyright © 2002 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA. Tel.: +1(212) 584-4662

Interventional Procedures in the Pediatric Chest: Biopsy and Drainage

Jackson T. Norman, III1 , James S. Donaldson2
  • 1Children's Health Care of Atlanta at Scottish Rite, Atlanta, Georgia and
  • 2Children's Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
17 April 2002 (online)

ABSTRACT

Interventional procedures in the adult chest are well described and practiced. Many of the same procedures, although somewhat less commonly employed, also apply in pediatric settings. In the realm of chest intervention, probably the biggest impact in pediatric disease has been the percutaneous drainage of empyema and parenchymal abscesses. In this article, techniques, with emphasis on special applications in regard to children, and sedations appropriate for various intrathoracic procedures, highlighting percutaneous drainage, are discussed.

REFERENCES

  • 1 Cotsen M R, Donaldson J S, Uejima T, Morello F P. Efficacy of ketamine hydrochloride sedation in children for interventional radiologic procedures.  AJR Am J Roentgenol . 1997;  169 1019-1022
  • 2 Light R W. Parapneumonic effusion and empyema.  Clin Chest Med . 1985;  5 55-62
  • 3 Handman H P, Reuman P D. The use of urokinase for loculated thoracic empyema in children.  Pediatr Infect Dis J . 1993;  12 958-959
  • 4 Krishnan S, Amin N, Dozor A J, Stringel G. Urokinase in the management of complicated parapneumonic effusions in children.  Chest . 1997;  112 1579-1583
  • 5 Kornecki A, Sivan Y. Treatment of loculated pleural effusion with intrapleural urokinase in children.  J Pediatr Surg . 1997;  32 1473-1475
  • 6 Stringel G, Hartman A R. Intrapleural instillation of urokinase in the treatment of loculated pleural effusions in children.  J Pediatr Surg . 1994;  29 1539-1540
  • 7 Stark D D, Federle M P, Goodman P C, Podrasky A E, Webb W R. Differentiating lung abscess and empyema.  AJR Am J Roentgenol . 1983;  141 163-167
  • 8 Tillet W S, Sherry S. The effects in patients of streptococcal fibrinolysin (streptokinase) and streptococcal deoxyribonuclease on fibrinous, purulent and sanguinous pleural effusion.  J Clin Invest . 1949;  28 173-190
  • 9 Berglin E, Ekroth R, Teger-Nilsson A C, William-Olsson G. Intrapleural instillation of streptokinase. Effects on systemic fibrinolysis.  Thorac Cardiovasc Surg . 1981;  29 124-126
  • 10 Hoffer F A, Bloom D A, Colin A A, Fishman S J. Lung abscess versus necrotizing pneumonia: implications for interventional therapy.  Pediatr Radiol . 1999;  29 87-91
  • 11 Braun M A. SCVIR 25th annual scientific meeting workshop handbook.  2000: 52-57
  • 12 Van Sonnenberg E, D'Agostino H B, Casola G, Wittich G R, Varney R R, Harker C. Lung abscess: CT-guided drainage.  Radiology   1991;  178 347-351
  • 13 Cuestas R A, Kienzle G D, Armstrong J D. Percutaneous drainage of lung abscesses in infants.  Pediatr Infect Dis J . 1989;  8 390-392
  • 14 Ball W S, Bisset G S, Towbin R B. Percutaneous drainage of chest abscesses in children.  Radiology . 1989;  171 431-434
  • 15 Al-Salem A H, Ali E A. Computed tomography-guided percutaneous needle aspiration lung abscesses in neonates and children.  Pediatr Surg Int . 1997;  12 417-419
  • 16 Zuhdi M K, Spear R M, Worthen M H, Peterson B M. Percutaneous catheter drainage of tension pneumatocele, secondarily infected pneumatocele, and lung abscess in children.  Crit Care Med . 1996;  24 330-333
  • 17 Rice T W, Ginsberg R J, Todd T R. Tube drainage of lung abscesses.  Ann Thorac Surg . 1987;  44 356-359
  • 18 Lee S K, Morris R E, Cramer B. Percutaneous needle aspiration of neonatal lung abscesses.  Pediatr Radiol . 1991;  21 254-257
  • 19 Klein J S, Schultz S, Heffner J E. Interventions radiology of the chest: image-guided percutaneous drainage of pleural effusions, lung abscess and pneumothorax.  AJR Am J Roentgenol . 1995;  164 581-588
  • 20 Genc A, Ozcan C, Erdener A, Mutaf O. Management of pneumothorax in children.  J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) . 1998;  39 849-851
  • 21 Connolly B L, Chait P G, Duncan D S, Taylor G. CT-guided percutaneous needle biopsy of small lung nodules in children.  Pediatr Radiol . 1999;  29 342-346
  • 22 Klein J S. Interventional techniques in the thorax.  Clin Chest Med . 1999;  20 805-824
  • 23 Ikezoe J, Morimoto S, Kozuka T. Sonographically guided needle biopsy of thoracic lesions.  Semin Intervent Radiol . 1991;  8 15-22
  • 24 De Sanctis T J, Mueller P R. Thoracic interventions: the role of ultrasound guidance for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.  Semin Intervent Radiol . 1997;  14 429-441
  • 25 Diament M J, Stanley P, Taylor S. Percutaneous fine needle biopsy in pediatrics.  Pediatr Radiol . 1985;  15 409-411
  • 26 Buchino J J, Jones V F. Fine needle aspiration in the evaluation of children with lymphadenopathy.  Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med . 1994;  148 1327-1330
  • 27 Taylor S R, Nunez C. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy in a pediatric population. Report of 64 consecutive cases.  Cancer . 1984;  54 1449-1453
  • 28 McGahey B E, Moriarty A T, Nelson W A, Hull M T. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of small round blue cell tumors of childhood.  Cancer . 1992;  69 1067-1073
  • 29 Vergeguer A, Castel V, Torres V. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy in children: experience in 70 cases.  Med Pediatr Oncol . 1988;  16 98-100
  • 30 Frostad B, Tani E, Kogner P, Maeda S, Bjork O, Skoog L. The clinical use of fine needle aspiration cytology for the diagnosis and management of children with neuroblastic tumors.  Eur J Cancer . 1998;  34 529-536
  • 31 Andrews N C, Parker E F, Shaw R R, Wilson N J, Webb W R. Management of nontuberculous empyema: a statement of the subcommittee on surgery.  Am Rev Respir Dis . 1962;  85 935-936
  • 32 Lee-Chiong T L. Treating empyema without surgery: how to choose the best candidates.  Empyema . 1997;  101 195-204
  • 33 Chan W, Keyser-Gauvin E, Davis G M, Nguyen L T, Laberge J M. Empyema thoracis in children: a 26-year review of the Montreal Children's Hospital experience.  J Pediatr Surg . 1997;  32 870-872
  • 34 Robinson L A, Moulton A L, Fleming W H, Alonso A, Galbraith T A. Intrapleural fibrinolytic treatment of multiloculated thoracic empyemas.  Ann Thorac Surg . 1994;  57 803-814
  • 35 Moulton J S, Benkert R E, Weisiger K H, Chambers J A. Treatment of complicated pleural fluid collections with image-guided drainage and intracavitary urokinase.  Chest . 1995;  108 1251-1259
  • 36 Temes R L, Follis F, Kessler R M, Pett S B, Wernly J A. Intrapleural fibrinolytics in management of empyema thoracis.  Chest . 1996;  110 102-106
  • 37 Pollak J S, Passik C S. Intrapleural urokinase in the treatment of loculated pleural effusions.  Chest . 1994;  105 868-873
  • 38 Lee K S, Im J, Kim Y H, Hwang S H, Bae W K, Lee B H. Treatment of thoracic multiloculated empyemas with intracavitary urokinase.  Radiology . 1991;  179 771-775
  • 39 Bouros D, Schiza S, Patsourakis G, Chalkiadakis G, Panagou P, Siafakas N M. Intrapleural streptokinase versus urokinase in the treatment of complicated parapneumonic effusions.  Am J Respir Crit Care Med . 1997;  155 291-295
  • 40 De Gregorio A M, Ruiz C, Alfonso E R, Fernandez J A, Medrano J, Arino I. Transcatheter intracavitary fibrinolysis of loculated pleural effusions.  Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol . 1999;  22 114-118