MR Imaging of Joint Arthroplasty

ABSTRACT

Imaging evaluation of the painful total joint arthroplasty has, in the past, been limited to conventional radiographs, arthrography, and nuclear scintigraphy. All three modalities provide some clinical information regarding the status of the prosthesis, adjacent bone, and surrounding soft tissues but are hampered by poor specificity, particularly nuclear scintigraphy.[1] Magnetic resonance imaging, using optimized pulse sequences to reduce the susceptibility artifact generated by the arthroplasty, can provide clinically relevant information regarding the prosthesis as well as the surrounding bone, soft tissues, and neurovascular structures.

KEYWORD

Magnetic resonance imaging - arthroplasty - artifacts

REFERENCES

• 1 Duus B R, Boeckstyns M, Kjaer L, Stadeager C. Radionuclide scanning after total knee replacement: correlation with pain and radiolucent lines, a prospective study.  Invest Radiol . 1987;  22 891-894
• 2 Wendt R E, Wilcott M R, Nitz W, Murphy P H, Bryan R N. MR imaging of susceptibility-induced magnetic field inhomogeneities.  Radiology . 1988;  168 837-841
• 3 Olscamp A J, Tao S S, Savolaine E R, Ebraheim N A. Postoperative magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of Pipkin fractures fixated with titanium implants: a report of two cases.  Am J Orthoped . 1997;  26(4) 294-297
• 4 Henk C B, Brodner W, Grampp S, Breitenscher M, Thurnher M, Mostbeck G H, Imhof H. The postoperative spine.  Top Magn Reson Imag . 1999;  10 247-264
• 5 Mueller P R, Stark D D, Simeone J F. MR-guided aspiration biopsy: needle design and clinical trials.  Radiology . 1986;  161 605-609
• 6 White L M, Kim J K, Mehta M. Complications of total hip arthroplasty: MR imaging-initial experience.  Radiology . 2000;  215 254-262
• 7 Olsen R V, Munk P L, Lee M J, Janzen D L, MacKay A L, Xiang Q S, Masri B. Metal artifact reduction sequence: early clinical applications.  Radiographics . 2000;  20 699-712
• 8 Chang S D, Lee M J, Munk P L, Janzen D L, MacKay A, Xiang Q S. MRI of spinal hardware: comparison of conventional TI-weighted sequence with a new metal artifact reduction sequence.  Skel Radiol . 2001;  20 213-218
• 9 Peterslige C A, Lewin J S, Duerk J L, Yoo J U, Ghaneyem A J. Optimizing imaging parameters for MR evaluation of the spine with titanium pedicle screws.  Am J Roentgenol . 1996;  166 1213-1218
• 10 Czerny C, Krestan C, Imhof H, Trattnig S. Magnetic resonance imaging of the postoperative hip.  Top Magn Reson Imag . 1999;  10 214-220
• 11 Young I R, Cox I J, Bryant D J, Bydder G M. The benefits of increasing spatial resolution as a means of reducing artifacts due to field inhomogeneities.  Magn Reson Imag . 1988;  6 585-590
• 12 Jensen J H, Chandra R. Strong field behavior of the NMR signal from magnetically heterogeneous tissues.  Magn Reson Med . 2000;  43 226-236
• 13 Frazzini V I, Kagetsu N J, Johnson C E, Destian S. Internally stabilized spine: optimal choice of frequency-encoding gradient direction during MR imaging minimizes susceptibility artifact from titanium vertebral body screws.  Radiology . 1997;  204 268-272
• 14 Hendrick R E. Basic physics of MR imaging: an introduction.  Radiographics . 1994;  14 829-846
• 15 Taber K H, Herrick R C, Weathers S W, Kumar A J, Schomer D F, Hayman L A. Pitfalls and artifacts encountered in clinical MR imaging of the spine.  Radiographics . 1998;  18 1499-1521
• 16 Colak A, Kutlay M, Demircan N, Secer H I, Kibici K, Basekim C. MR imaging for early complications of transpedicular screw fixation.  Eur Spine J . 1999;  8 151-155
• 17 Sled J G, Pike G B. Correction for B₁ and B₀ variations in quantitative T2 measurements using MRI.  Magn Reson Med . 2000;  43 589-593
• 18 Tartaglino L M, Flanders A E, Vinitski S, Friedman D P. Metallic artifacts on MR images of the postoperative spine: reduction with fast spin-echo techniques.  Radiology . 1994;  190 565-569
• 19 Hilfiker P, Zanetti M, Debatin J F, McKinnon G, Hodler J. Fast spin-echo inversion-recovery imaging versus fast T2-weighted spin-echo imaging in bone marrow abnormalities.  Invest Radiol . 1995;  30 110-114
• 20 Carson B W, Xiang Q S. Fat suppression using direct phase encoding: musculoskeletal applications using MR imaging.  Am J Roentgenol . 1999;  173 230-233
• 21 Mesgarzadeh M, Revesz G, Bonakdarpour A, Betz R R. The effect on medical metal implants by magnetic fields of magnetic resonance imaging.  Skel Radiol . 1985;  14 205-206
• 22 Davis P L, Crooks L, Arakawa M, McRee R, Kaufman L, Margulis A R. Potential hazards in NMR imaging: heating effects of changing magnetic fields and RF fields on small metallic implants.  Am J Roentgenol . 1981;  137 857-860
• 23 Manaster B J. Total hip arthroplasty: radiographic evaluation.  Radiographics . 1996;  16 645-660
• 24 Tigges S, Roberson J R, Cohen D E. Hip arthroplasty: the role of plain radiographs in outpatient management.  Radiology . 1995;  194 73-75
• 25 Tigges S, Stiles R G, Roberson J R. Appearance of septic hip prostheses on plain radiographs.  Am J Roentgenol . 1994;  163 377-380
• 26 Barrack R L, Jennings R W, Wolfe M W, Bertot A J. The value of preoperative aspiration before total knee revision.  Clinical Orthopedics and Related Research . 1997;  345 8-16
• 27 Gould E S, Potter H G, Bober S E. Role of routine percutaneous hip aspirations prior to prosthesis revision.  Skel Radiol . 1990;  19 427-430
• 28 Potter H G, Sofka C M, Peters L, Nestor B, Salvati E. Magnetic resonance imaging of total hip arthroplasty, to be presented at the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons 69th Annual Meeting, Dallas, TX, February 2002 . 
• 29 Manaster B J. Total knee arthroplasty: postoperative radiologic findings.  Am J Roentgenol . 1995;  165 899-904
• 30 Kantor S G, Schneider R, Insall J N, Becker M W. Radionuclide imaging of asymptomatic versus symptomatic total knee arthroplasties.  Clinical Orthopedics and Related Research . 1990;  260 118-123
• 31 Sofka C M, Potter H G, Figgie M. Magnetic resonance imaging of total knee arthroplasty: findings, technique optimization and clinical relevance.  Radiology . 2000;  217 S576
• 32 Sperling J W, Potter H G, Craig E V, Flatow E, Warren R F. MRI of the painful shoulder arthroplasty.  J Shoulder Elbow Surg (In press).