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Zentralbl Chir 2001; 126(12): 964-968
DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-19644
Endokrine Chirurgie

© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York

Das Prinzip der Hemithyreoidektomie bei unklaren Schilddrüsenbefunden

Hemithyroidectomy on Principle in Cases of Unclear Fine Needle Biopsy and Frozen Section FindingsJ. Jonas1 , S. Blaich1 , A. Nagel2 , R. Bähr1
  • 1Klinik für Allgemein- und Thoraxchirurgie des Städtischen Klinikums Karlsruhe
  • 2Pathologisches Institut des Städtischen Klinikums Karlsruhe
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Publication History

Publication Date:
22 January 2002 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Die präoperative Feinnadelbiopsie (FNB) und die intraoperative Schnellschnittuntersuchung (SS) sollen helfen, die Dignität einer morphologischen Veränderung der Schilddrüse zu klären. Wertigkeiten und Unsicherheiten beider Verfahren müssen bei der Planung der Operation berücksichtigt werden. Von 7/96-6/00 wurden bei 82 Patienten sowohl präoperativ eine FNB als auch intraoperativ eine SS durchgeführt. Die Sensitivität beider Verfahren ist gering. In der FNB wurden lediglich 5/11 der Malignome (45,5 %) erkannt. Bei 22 suspekten Befunden (26,8 %) fanden sich 6 weitere Malignome in der endgültigen Histologie. Lediglich eines dieser primär nicht erkannten Malignome wurde intraoperativ in der SS identifiziert, während 5 Malignome als benigne beurteilt wurden. Der positive Vorhersagewert eines Malignoms durch die FNB beträgt > 90 %. Primär nicht erkannte Malignome können nur in Einzelfällen intraoperativ durch die SS erfaßt werden. Eine routinemäßige Anwendung des SS zur Überprüfung des FNB-Ergebnisses ist nicht zu empfehlen, kann dem Operateur aber Hinweise auf Tumorgröße, Lymphknotenstatus und Dignität bisher nicht erfaßter Veränderungen der Schilddrüse geben. Das Operationsverfahren der Wahl bei suspekten Schilddrüsenbefunden ist die Hemithyreoidektomie mit zentraler Lymphknotendissektion, um das erhöhte Risko der Rekurrensparesen und Hypoparathyreoidismus beim Rezidiveingriff zu vermeiden.

Summary

 Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNB) and frozen section (FS) may help to vali­date pre- and intraoperatively dignity of thyroid nodules. Credibility and clinical valuation of both methods have to be taken into consideration of surgical treatment. Between 7/96 and 6/00 82 patients were operated for thyroid lesions using both diagnostic methods to verify thyroid lesions. The sensitivity of both methods is low. With FNB only 5/11 malignancies (45.5 %) were recognized. Within the group of “suspicious” FNB findings (22/82; 26.8 %) definitive histology demonstrated another 6 carcinomas. Only 1 of these initially not recognized carcinomas was verified by FS intraoperatively whereas 5 carcinomas were judged to be benign lesions. Follicular carcinomas and follicular variants of papillary carcinomas could not be assessed by FNB in 6/8 and by FS in 8/9 cases. Only very few malignancies, which are not found by FNB, can be verified by FS. A routine use of intraoperative FS to verify FNB results is not justified, but can give additional information about tumor size, lymph node status and extra-/intrathyroid nodules, which are not examined by FNB preoperatively. Hemithyroidectomy with lymph node dissection represents the operation of choice in cases with unclear FNB results to avoid a second operation with increased risk of recurrent nerve palsy and hypoparathyroidism.

Schlüsselwörter

Schilddrüse - Diagnose - Feinnadelbiopsie - Schnellschnitt

Key words

Thyroid - Diagnosis - Fine needle aspiration biopsy - Frozen section

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Dr. J. Jonas

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