Zusammenfassung.
Ziel: In einer prospektiven Studie wird der primäre und der Zweijahreserfolg eines Katheters
zur hydromechanischen Thrombektomie (HTE) bei der Therapie der akuten und subakuten
Beinischämie untersucht. Material und Methode: Konsekutiv wurden 64 Patienten, 12 mit stark beeinträchtigender und 52 mit bedrohlicher
Ischämie seit 8 ± 9 Tagen, mit HTE therapiert und 24 Monate nachkontrolliert. Ein
8 F hydromechanischer Thrombektomiekatheter (HTK), der Thrombusmaterial ansaugt, zerkleinert
und abtransportiert, wurde verwendet. Ergebnisse: Eine komplette HTE gelang bei 8 Patienten, bei den übrigen eine Lumeneröffnung um
70 - 50 % im Mittel in 34 Minuten. Restthromben, eine vorbestehende arterielle Verschlusskrankheit
und der Befall kleinlumiger Gefäße machten additive Verfahren (Angioplastie 41/64,
Aspirationsthrombektomie 31/64, Fibrinolyse 30/64) nötig. Klinische Symptome und der
Arm-Bein-Index besserten sich signifikant (p < 0,01). Die primären Offenheitsraten
lagen bei 72 %, 70 %, 67 % bzw. 65 % für 1, 3, 12 bzw. 24 Monate, die Beinerhaltungsraten
bei 81 %, 78 %, 75 % bzw. 73 % für dieselben Zeiträume. Therapiebedingte Gefäßläsionen
durch den HTK traten keine auf. Schlussfolgerungen: Der HTK ermöglichte eine rasche, komplikationsarme Reduktion von frischen Thromben.
Additive Verfahren waren bei wandhaftenden Thromben und zur Therapie schmallumiger
tibialer Gefäße in 78 % noch nötig. Die Zweijahresergebnisse waren Literaturangaben
für alleinige Fibrinolyse bzw. operative Therapie vergleichbar. Der Vorteil des HTK
besteht darin, Dauer und Dosis der intraarteriellen Fibrinolysetherapie zu reduzieren.
Percutaneous hydromechanical thrombectomy in acute and subacute lower-limb ischemia.
Purpose: A prospective study should evaluate the primary and 2-year results of treating acute
and subacute lower-limb ischemia with hydromechanical thrombectomy (HTE). Materials and Methods: Consecutively 64 patients, 12 with viable and 52 with threatening limb ischemia and
onset of symptoms within 8 ± 9 days, were treated and controlled for 24 months. An
8 F hydromechanical thrombectomy device (HTK), was used. It sucks and shreds the thrombi.
The shredded particles are transported to the outside. Results: In 8 patients a total, in the others a partial restoration of the vessel lumen up
to 70 - 50 % was achieved in a mean time of 34 minutes. Residual thrombi, underlying
atherosclerotic vessel disease and occluded arteries with a small diameter made adjunctive
interventions (balloon angioplasty, percutaneous aspiration thrombectomy, lysis) necessary.
Clinical symptoms and the ankle-brachial index improved significantly (p <0.01). Primary
patency was 72 %, 70 %, 67 %, and 65 %; the limb salvage rates were 81 %, 78 %, 75
%, and 73 % for one, 3, 12, and 24 months respectively. Device-induced complications
did not occur. Conclusions: The HTK allowed a rapid reduction of fresh thrombotic material without complications.
In 78 % of the cases adjunctive therapies are required for wall-adherent thrombi and
when tibial vessels with smaller lumina are included. Long-term results are comparable
to literature data for fibrinolytic or operative regimens. The advantage, however
of the HTK seems to be the reduction of intervention time and intra-arterial dosage
of fibrinolytic drugs.
Schlüsselwörter:
Thrombose - Embolie - Arterieller Gefäßverschluss - Thrombektomie - Arterien, perkutane
Intervention
Key words:
Thrombosis - Embolism - Acute arterial occlusive disease - Thrombectomy - Arteries,
percutaneuos treatment - -
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Dr. Wolfgang Höpfner
Klinik für Diagn. Radiol.und NeuroradiologieZentralklinikum Augsburg
Stenglinstraße 286156 Augsburg
Phone: + 0821-400-2441
Fax: + 0821-400-3312
Email: wolfgang.hoepfner@gmx.de