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CC BY 4.0 · Journal of Clinical Interventional Radiology ISVIR
DOI: 10.1055/s-0045-1812484
Original Article

Transarterial Embolotherapy Combined with Chemotherapy Versus Immunotherapy for Breast Cancer Liver Metastasis

Autoren

  • Maanasa Bommineni

    1   Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mount Pleasant, Michigan, United States

  • Frank Annie

    2   Institute of Academic Medicine, Charleston Area Medical Center, Charleston, West Virginia, United States

  • Yolanda Bryce

    3   Department of Interventional Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States

  • Amy R. Deipolyi

    4   Department of Interventional Radiology, West Virginia University/Charleston Area Medical Center, Charleston, West Virginia, United States
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Abstract

Purpose

Breast cancer liver metastases (BCLMs) are common and associated with poor prognosis despite systemic treatments. This study compared overall survival (OS) and treatment outcomes of transarterial radioembolization (TARE) and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for BCLM, including the impact of their combination with immunotherapy or chemotherapy.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study used a large multicenter database, TriNetX, which aggregates anonymized electronic medical records from 68 health care organizations in the United States, and included patients with BCLM who underwent TARE (n = 334) or TACE (n = 84) between January 2016 and July 2024, after progressing despite one, two, or three lines of systemic therapy. TARE or TACE was performed alone or in combination with chemotherapy or immunotherapy. The primary outcome was OS, and secondary outcomes included liver function changes and adverse events. Kaplan–Meier and propensity score-matched analyses were performed.

Results

Median OS was significantly longer after TARE (36 months) than TACE (25 months; p = 0.04). Immunotherapy/TARE showed the longest OS (38 months), followed by immunotherapy/TACE (36 months; p = 0.03), chemotherapy/TARE (33 months; p = 0.05), and chemotherapy/TACE (30 months; p = 0.04). TACE was associated with higher postprocedural liver enzyme elevations and greater rates of adverse events compared with TARE.

Conclusion

In this large retrospective study, TARE was associated with superior survival and better tolerability compared with TACE in BCLM patients. Combination with immunotherapy further improved outcomes, suggesting potential synergy. These findings highlight the need for prospective studies to evaluate the role of TARE and immunotherapy in BCLM treatment.

Keywords

breast cancer liver metastasis - radioembolization - chemoembolization

Declaration of Generative AI and AI-Assisted Technologies in the Writing Process

During the preparation of this work, the authors did not use generative AI or AI-assisted technologies. All content was generated and reviewed solely by the authors, who take full responsibility for the final work.


Compliance with Ethical Standards

This research adheres to the principles of the Helsinki Declaration and institutional guidelines. All data were de-identified and fully compliant with HIPAA regulations.


Ethical Approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. This study was approved by our institution's institutional review board, with a waiver of informed consent due to the retrospective nature of the study and use of de-identified data.


Informed Consent

Informed consent was waived by the institutional review board due to the use of anonymized, de-identified data collected for research purposes.


This work was carried out at Charleston Area Medical Center.




Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
10. November 2025

© 2025. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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