The Role of Oral Health Education and Intervention Programs in Preventing Periodontal Disease and Improving Pregnancy Outcomes

Abstract

This meta-analysis aims to assess the effectiveness of oral health education and intervention programs in preventing periodontal disease and improving pregnancy outcomes, particularly preterm birth and low birth weight incidences. By synthesizing findings from multiple studies, this analysis endeavors to provide clearer insights into the impact of maternal periodontal health on pregnancy and identify evidence-based interventions that optimize maternal and neonatal outcomes. This study was conducted as a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature. The protocol was developed per the updated PRISMA 2020 statement guidelines. The inclusion and exclusion criteria were predetermined to ensure a rigorous selection of relevant studies. The study design included randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and case–control studies. A systematic search was conducted across the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library. Grey literature sources and reference lists of included studies were also reviewed. Data were synthesized using a random-effects model to account for heterogeneity among studies. The results suggest a possible trend toward a protective effect for preterm birth. Integrating oral health services into prenatal care represents a promising, cost-effective strategy for improving maternal and neonatal outcomes. This study reinforces the potential role of periodontal therapy in reducing adverse pregnancy outcomes, particularly preterm birth, through its ability to reduce systemic inflammation.

Keywords

oral health education - periodontal disease - pregnancy - periodontal therapy

Publication History

Article published online:
08 September 2025

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