Abstract
Intra-abdominal solid organ injuries (SOI) represent a common and potentially life-threatening
consequence in the traumatically injured patient. Advances in interventional radiology
(IR) endovascular techniques have reformed the surgical management of these injuries
into a multidisciplinary approach. The choice between endovascular and surgical management
depends largely on the patient's hemodynamic status, injury grade, and risk of complications.
Although individualized, surgery is reserved for most patients who are hemodynamically
unstable, have peritonitis, hollow viscus injury, or are refractory to IR intervention.
IR intervention can be attempted in cases of active extravasation or SOI with high-risk
imaging features. However, in complex liver trauma, combined management with surgery
and IR has been shown to reduce mortality. This review synthesizes recent advances
and evidence-based practices for managing SOI, emphasizing the role of IR as an adjunct
to surgical management and complication resolution.
Keywords trauma - interventional radiology - solid organ injury - extravasation
