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CC BY 4.0 · Eur J Dent
DOI: 10.1055/s-0045-1807732
Original Article

Arch Length Discrepancy Analysis Comparison with the Huckaba and Moyers Method in Angle Class I Malocclusion in Surabayan Children with Mixed Dentition during the Growth and Development Phase: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study in Universitas Airlangga Dental Hospital

Alexander Patera Nugraha
1   Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
,
Delfia Amanda Putri
1   Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
,
Andree Salim
1   Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
,
Ida Bagus Narmada
1   Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
,
Ari Triwardhani
1   Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
,
I. Gusti Aju Wahju Ardani
1   Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
,
Alida Alida
1   Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
,
Adya Pramusita
1   Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
,
Tengku Natasha Eleena Binti Tengku Ahmad Noor
2   Faculty of Dental Surgery, Royal College of Surgeon, Edinburgh University, United Kingdom
3   Malaysian Armed Forces Dental Officer, 609 Armed Forces Dental Clinic, Kem Semenggo, Kuching, Serawak, Malaysia
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Abstract

Objective

The aim of the study was to compare the ALD results obtained using the Huckaba and Moyers methods, including the segmentation and brass wire techniques, in class I Angle malocclusion in Surabayan children during the MD and GDP at Dental Hospital Universitas Airlangga.

Materials and Methods

This study adopted a retrospective cross-sectional design, involving a total of 252 samples. However, only 32 samples that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed for ALD by using the Huckaba and Moyers methods. Sex, chronological age, and malocclusion angle classification were recorded. Cervical maturation vertebrae stage was conducted to determine the skeletal age, while dental age was investigated through the Demirjian method in the GDP during MD in Javanese children. Lateral cephalogram was examined to determine skeletal malocclusion based on the Steiner analysis (Sella-Nasion-A [<SNA], Sella, Nasion, B [<SNB], [SNA-SNB] <ANB).

Statistical Analysis

The Shapiro–Wilk and Levene tests revealed nonnormal distribution and lack of homogeneity, leading to the use of nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests for identifying significant differences.

Results

In the upper and jaw, the Moyers method demonstrated a positive ALD value, whereas the Huckaba method exhibited a negative ALD value, indicating a significant difference between the groups.

Conclusion

Discrepancy analysis revealed significant differences between the Huckaba and Moyers methods for class I Angle malocclusion in Surabayan children during MD and GDP at Dental Hospital Universitas Airlangga.

Keywords

mixed dentition analysis - malocclusion - discrepancy - Huckaba method - Moyers method


Publication History

Article published online:
01 May 2025

© 2025. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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