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CC BY 4.0 · Eur J Dent
DOI: 10.1055/s-0045-1807729
Original Article

Effect of Cinnamaldehyde Addition on Injectable Gypsum–Calcium Carbonate Hydrogel Paste with Ultraviolet Light Polymerization: Bone Scaffold Material for Implant

Anne Handrini Dewi 
1   Department of Dental Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
,
Muhammad Akhsan Pridatama
1   Department of Dental Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
,
Dena Kusuma Arum
1   Department of Dental Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
,
Mas Sahidayana Mohktar
2   Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
,
Hersandy Dayu Kusuma 
3   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
,
Andi Triawan 
4   Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
› Author Affiliations Funding The authors gratefully acknowledge Universitas Gadjah Mada for providing a Research Grant “Improvement of Doctoral Competency Program” under Decree No. 4231/UN1/DITLIT/PT.01.03/2024 and the Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada for providing a Grant “Society Funding” Contract No. 3830/UN1/FKG/Set.KG1/LT/2023.
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Abstract

Objective

Hydrogel-based, gypsum, calcium carbonate (CaCO3) bone scaffolding materials and antibacterial extracts from cinnamaldehyde herbal ingredients are a combination of smart materials that are abundant and environmental friendly. That component is a promising candidate for bone scaffold material. This prototype has been designed as an injectable paste that is easy to apply, fills in bone and dental defects, and quickly polymerizes with the help of ultraviolet (UV) light. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of adding cinnamaldehyde to injectable gypsum–CaCO3 hydrogel paste that has undergone UV light polymerization for biodegradable implant material.

Materials and Methods

A composite material was synthesized named Cia by a combination of gelatin, gypsum, CaCO3, and cinnamaldehyde compound assisted by UV light polymerization. An in vitro and in vivo quasi-experiments were conducted in this study, including material characterization and testing. Material characterization was performed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) and scanning electron microscope. Material testing examined the swelling ratio and degradation rate. Antibacterial activity was performed as in vitro testing undergone Streptococcus sanguinis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Data were analyzed statistically using an independent t-test (p < 0.05). A total of 21 male Wistar rats were used in vivo study. A femoral condyle was chosen as a hard tissue representative of the jaw. Tissues were then stained with hematoxylin–eosin and Mallory staining observed under a light microscope to identify the tissue regeneration and implant remaining.

Conclusion

Synthesized material that is added by cinnamaldehyde could be an implant material for inducing tissue regeneration.

Keywords

cinnamaldehyde - injectable paste - ultraviolet - polymerization - scaffold - implant


Publication History

Article published online:
02 May 2025

© 2025. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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