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CC BY 4.0 · Eur J Dent
DOI: 10.1055/s-0045-1806963
Original Article

Nanoemulgel Development of Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth–Derived Conditioned Medium as a Novel Nanocarrier Growth Factors

Hendrik Setia Budi 
1   Department of Oral Biology, Dental Pharmacology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
2   Cell and Biology Research, Surabaya Science Laboratory, Surabaya, Indonesia
,
Juni Handajani 
3   Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
,
Lisa Rinanda Amir
4   Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
,
Sri Angky Soekanto
4   Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
,
Ninik Mas Ulfa
5   Department of Pharmaceutica, Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Surabaya Pharmacy Academy, Surabaya, Indonesia
,
Silvi Ayu Wulansari
5   Department of Pharmaceutica, Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Surabaya Pharmacy Academy, Surabaya, Indonesia
,
Yung-Kang Shen 
6   School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
,
Shuntaro Yamada
7   Center of Translational Oral Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
› Author Affiliations
Funding We appreciate Universitas Airlangga and Indonesia Research Collaboration (RKI) for supporting the funding (grant number 727/B/UN3.LPPM/PT.01.03/2024).
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Abstract

Objective We aimed to develop a nanoemulgel of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth–derived conditioned medium (SHED-CM) for oral wound biotherapy candidate.

Materials and Methods Deciduous tooth pulp was collected from two patients aged 6 years. The mesenchymal stem cell marker expression was analyzed by immunocytochemistry of CD45, CD90, and CD105. Alizarin red staining was performed to differentiate SHEDs from osteoblasts. The quantitative and quantification of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secreted into conditioned media were measured using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The characteristics of the nanoemulgel of SHED-CM (NESCM) were analyzed in terms of organoleptic properties, pH, and homogeneity. The cytotoxicity of NESCM 1.5% was analyzed in human gingival fibroblast (hGF) cell and osteoblast cell line (MC3T3) by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay.

Statistical Analysis The results were presented as mean ± standard deviation (X ± SD), and the differences between groups were analyzed using the post hoc Tukey's test at a significance level of p-value < 0.05.

Results SHEDs were successfully isolated, which were characterized for positive marker expressions of CD90 and CD105 and negative expression of CD45 as well as their osteogenic commitment. In SHED-CM, TGF-β and VEGF were detected on day 1 of conditioning and afterward. Notably, the growth factor enriched as the duration of conditioning increased. The generated nanoemulgel with SHED-CM was stable and homogeneous, and had limited cytotoxic effects on hGF and MC3T3 cell culture.

Conclusion SHED-CM containing the growth factors can potentially be used as oral wound biotherapy in the form of nanoemulgel.

Keywords

stem cells conditioned medium - growth factors - nanoemulgel - oral wound biotherapy - human well-being


Publication History

Article published online:
23 April 2025

© 2025. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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