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CC BY 4.0 · Journal of Diabetes and Endocrine Practice 2025; 08(01): 032-038
DOI: 10.1055/s-0045-1804525
Original Article

Frequency of Cardiac Events in Patients with or without Diabetes Admitted to a Cardiac Unit of Dubai Hospital before, during, and after Ramadan

Fauzia Rashid
1   Endocrine Division, Department of Medicine, Dubai Hospital, Dubai Health, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
,
Noha Yaseen
2   Departement of Cardiology, Al-Qassimi Hospital, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
,
Mirza Saima Mahmud
3   Departement of Cardiology, Dubai Hospital, Dubai Health, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
,
Fatheya Alawadi 
1   Endocrine Division, Department of Medicine, Dubai Hospital, Dubai Health, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
4   Mohamed Bin Rashid University, Dubai Academic Health Corporation, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
,
Marwan Zidan
5   Medical Education and Research Department, Dubai Health, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
,
Hossam Abdelaziz Zaky
3   Departement of Cardiology, Dubai Hospital, Dubai Health, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
,
Mohamed Hassanein
1   Endocrine Division, Department of Medicine, Dubai Hospital, Dubai Health, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
4   Mohamed Bin Rashid University, Dubai Academic Health Corporation, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
› Institutsangaben
Funding and Sponshorship None of the authors received any kind of funding or honorarium relevant to this research study.
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Abstract

Objective To understand the impact of Ramadan fasting on people with diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Many people with diabetes have a range of CVD conditions, such as coronary artery disease, heart failure, and/or diabetic cardiomyopathy. This is of particular importance as there is no benchmark to compare the incidence for cardiac events during fasting in Ramadan in people with diabetes due to lack of adequate studies.

Methods We observed the frequency of admission with cardiac events such as congestive cardiac failure, unstable angina, acute coronary syndrome, non-ST elevation myocardial infarction, and ST elevation myocardial infarction in people with and without diabetes across the 3 months of Sha'ban (the month pre-Ramadan), Ramadan, and Shawwal (the month post-Ramadan) in the year 2018. The detailed history and biophysical and biochemical data are presented as frequency and percentages.

Result The majority of admissions were from people with Muslim background (87.1%). People with diabetes constituted 45.5% of total admissions. Nondiabetic patients were younger (53.50 ± 11.91 vs. 63.56 ± 13.17 years, p = 0.05) and have significantly higher low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol value compared to those with diabetes (129.70 ± 45.47 vs. 97.00 ± 29.56 mg/dL, p = 0.05). In Muslim patients, hospitalization in the month of Ramadan was much lower compared to the months of Sha'ban and Shawwal (24.1, 40.4, and 35.5%, respectively). Admissions in those with no previous history of diabetes was lower during Ramadan (57.1%) compared to Shaaban (64.6%) and Shawwal (72.2%). In people with diabetes, the hospitalization rate during Ramadan with ischemic heart disease (IHD) was higher (88.91%) compared to the months of Shaaban (63.6%) and Shawwal (62.9.%). However, during the same period, admissions with congestive heart failure (CHF) were much lower (11.1, 36.4, and 36.1%, respectively).

Conclusion The overall admission with CVD during Ramadan is lower than the month before or after. The rate of reduction in admissions during Ramadan was marginal in those with previous history of CVD and diabetes mellitus; however, this was much more obvious in those with no history of CVD. During the month of Ramadan, there were lower rates of admission with CHF while admissions with IHD were higher compared to the previous or following month in diabetic patients.

Keywords

diabetes - cardiovascular events - Ramadan - congestive heart failure - Ischemic heart disease

Author Contributions

F.R. did writing proposal for ethical committee and all correspondence, and contributed in study design, writing of the manuscript, reviewing, and submission. N.Y. and M.S.M. performed data collection. H.Z., shared in study concept, reviewed the patient history and confirmed the diagnoses and study results. M.Z. contributed in the analysis of methodology, data, and results. F.A. contributed in study design and reviewing, M.H. contributed in study concept, study design, data analysis, writing, reviewing, and submission of the manuscript. All authors approved the content of the manuscript and approved submission to International Journal of Diabetes for developing countries.


Compliance with Ethical Principles

The research complies with the guidelines for human studies in accordance with the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki. This study protocol was reviewed and approved by Dubai Scientific Research Ethics Committee (DSREC), Dubai Health Authority on April 22, 2018 and the reference number is DSREC-03/2018_20.


Data Availability Statement

The data that support the findings of this study are not publicly available due to policy of Dubai Scientific Research Ethics Committee (DSREC) for the privacy of the participants, but are available from the corresponding author upon the request of the Journal.

Anonymized data may be available by reasonable requests to the corresponding author.




Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
01. April 2025

© 2025. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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