Association of Growth Hormone Receptor Gene Polymorphisms (rs6180, rs6182, rs6184) with Skeletal Class III Malocclusion and Prognathic Mandibles in the Deutero-Malay Race

Abstract

Objective A prognathic mandible, characterized by the anterior protrusion of the mandible, is often associated with skeletal class III malocclusion. Polymorphisms rs6180, rs6182, and rs6184 in the growth hormone receptor (GHR) gene are thought to influence the development of this condition among various races. This study explores the link between these GHR gene polymorphisms and class III skeletal malocclusion in individuals with prognathic mandibles within the Deutero-Malay race.

Materials and Methods Saliva samples from 104 participants were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction sequencing. The association between GHR polymorphisms and malocclusion phenotype was examined using the chi-square statistical method.

Results Significant differences were observed in the rs6180 AC and CC genotypes between control and outcome groups, with a p-value of 0.023 and an odds ratio of 1.667, suggesting a notable association.

Discussion The rs6180 polymorphism in the GHR gene appears to alter protein structure and function, promoting mandibular growth in the anteroposterior direction among the Deutero-Malay race.

Conclusion The rs6180 polymorphism in the GHR gene is significantly associated with the occurrence of skeletal class III malocclusion accompanied by prognathic mandibles in the Deutero-Malay race.

Keywords

prognathic mandible - growth hormone receptor - single-nucleotide polymorphism - Deutero-Malay race

Declaration of GenAI Use

While preparing this work, the authors used Smodin and Grammarly to improve language and readability. After using this tool/service, the authors reviewed and edited the content as needed and take full responsibility for the publication's content.

Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
01. Mai 2025

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