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DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1792094
Stroke in Brazil: prevalence, activity limitations, access to healthcare, and physiotherapeutic treatment
Acidente vascular cerebral no Brasil: prevalência, limitações em atividade, acesso à saúde e tratamento fisioterapêuticoSupport This work was carried out with the support of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel - Brazil (CAPES) - Financing Code 001.

Abstract
Background Stroke remains a public health problem, reported as the third cause of disability. Among survivors, the ability to perform usual daily activities may be reduced, requiring rehabilitation.
Objective To investigate the prevalence of self-reported stroke, the accessibility of healthcare, and the degree and percentage of patients with limitations in usual activities who are unassisted by physiotherapeutic treatment in different regions of the country.
Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the 2019 National Health Survey. Participants aged 15 years or older from all five geographic regions of Brazil who reported a diagnosis of stroke were included. The data were analyzed using sample weighting and expressed as estimates along with a 95% confidence interval (CI).
Results The national prevalence of self-reported stroke in Brazil was 1.9% (95%CI 1.7–2.0), equivalent to 1,975 individuals with diagnosis. Of these, 50.2% reported limitations in their daily activities, and more than half (54.6%) had regular follow-ups with healthcare professionals. However, only 24.6% reported having access to rehabilitation, while 73.4% of individuals with activity limitations received no physiotherapeutic treatment.
Conclusion The prevalence of' self-reported stroke in the Brazilian population was 1.9%, with more than half experiencing limitations in their activities. While more than half of the stroke patients underwent follow-ups from a health professional, only ¼ of them reported having access to rehabilitation. Government interventions are necessary to ensure effective access to healthcare, including rehabilitation for the Brazilian population.
Resumo
Antecedentes O acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) continua sendo um problema de saúde pública, relatado como a terceira causa de incapacidade. Entre os sobreviventes, a capacidade de realizar atividades diárias habituais pode ser reduzida, demandando reabilitação.
Objetivo Investigar a prevalência de AVC autorreferido, a acessibilidade aos cuidados de saúde, assim como o grau e porcentagem de pacientes com limitações nas atividades habituais que não são assistidos por tratamento fisioterapêutico em diferentes regiões do país.
Métodos Estudo transversal realizado com dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde de 2019. Foram incluídos participantes com 15 anos ou mais de todas as cinco regiões geográficas do Brasil. Os dados foram analisados por meio de ponderação amostral e expressos como estimativas com intervalo de confiança (IC) de 95%.
Resultados A prevalência nacional de AVC autorreferido no Brasil foi de 1,9% (IC95% 1,7–2,0), equivalente a 1.975 indivíduos com diagnóstico. Destes, 50,2% relataram limitações em atividades diárias e mais da metade (54,6%) faziam acompanhamento regular com profissionais de saúde. Contudo, apenas 24,6% relataram acesso à reabilitação, enquanto 73,4% dos indivíduos com limitação de atividades não receberam tratamento fisioterapêutico.
Conclusão A prevalência de AVC autorreferido no Brasil foi de 1,9%, com mais da metade apresentando limitações em atividades. Embora mais de metade dos pacientes recebessem acompanhamento de um profissional de saúde, apenas ¼ deles relataram ter acesso à reabilitação. Intervenções governamentais são necessárias para garantir o acesso efetivo à saúde, incluindo a reabilitação, para a população brasileira.
Keywords
Stroke - Activities of Daily Living - Health Services Accessibility - Population Studies in Public Health - Health SurveysPalavras-chave
Acidente Vascular Cerebral - Atividades Cotidianas - Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde - Estudos Populacionais em Saúde Pública - Inquéritos EpidemiológicosAuthors' Contributions
LKCS: conceptualization, data curation, formal analysis, methodology, writing - original draft, writing - review & editing; CDDS: methodology, writing - original draft; RTV, RVBMJ: methodology, supervision, writing - review & editing; JML: conceptualization, formal analysis, methodology, supervision, writing - original draft, writing - review & editing; CDCMF: methodology, supervision, writing - review & editing; SSC: conceptualization, methodology, supervision, writing - review & editing; LAOL: conceptualization, formal analysis, project administration, supervision, writing - original draft, writing - review & editing. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript and agree to be responsible for all aspects of the work, including ensuring its accuracy and integrity.
Editor-in-Chief: Ayrton Roberto Massaro.
Associate Editor: Adriana Bastos Conforto.
Publication History
Received: 12 April 2024
Accepted: 14 August 2024
Article published online:
20 December 2024
© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Thieme Revinter Publicações Ltda.
Rua do Matoso 170, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 20270-135, Brazil
Luana Karoline Castro Silva, Cristian Douglas Dantas de Sousa, Ramon Távora Viana, Renata Viana Brígido de Moura Jucá, Johnnatas Mikael Lopes, Christina Danielli Coelho de Morais Faria, Shamyr Sulyvan de Castro, Lidiane Andrea Oliveira Lima. Stroke in Brazil: prevalence, activity limitations, access to healthcare, and physiotherapeutic treatment. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2024; 82: s00441792094.
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1792094
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