Complications and Long-Term Outcome in 30 Canine Total Hip Arthroplasties Using a Second-Generation Selective Laser Melted Screw Cup

Abstract

Objective The aim of this study was to report complications and outcomes of a cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA) system with a second-generation selective laser-melted screw cup (SCSL).

Study Design All THA using the SCSL performed at a single institution between January 2017 and November 2022 were retrospectively evaluated. Patients with a minimum follow-up period of 12 months and complete medical records were included and analyzed for radiographic and clinical outcomes.

Results Thirty THA with SCSL in 23 dogs were included in this study. Complications were observed in seven hips, comprising two minor and five major complications, with two hips experiencing two major complications. Among these seven major complications, six were associated with the femoral implant and one involved cup luxation. Of the 30 THA, 4 were explanted, while 26 remained in place for a median follow-up of 17.5 months (range, 12–38 months).

Conclusion No cases of late aseptic loosening were observed with SCSL. THA using SCSL helps reduce cup-associated complications and is appropriate for THA surgery, and the overall complication rate is comparable with that of other single-implant systems. Nevertheless, four hips were explanted.

Keywords

dog - cementless - total hip replacement - 3D printing - hip dysplasia

Authors' Contribution

J.S. and N.H. contributed to the conception of the study, study design, and acquisition of data. D.K. and P.D. contributed to the conception of the study and acquisition of data. O.H. performed all surgical procedures as a primary surgeon. N.H. was responsible for data analysis and paper writing. All the authors drafted, revised, and approved the final manuscript.

Publication History

Received: 08 January 2024

Accepted: 01 August 2024

Article published online:
22 August 2024

• References

• 1 Allaith S, Tucker LJ, Innes JF. et al. Outcomes and complications reported from a multiuser canine hip replacement registry over a 10-year period. Vet Surg 2023; 52 (02) 196-208
• 2 Alvarez-Sanchez A, Amsellem P, Vezzoni L, Vezzoni A. Zürich cementless total hip arthroplasty as a treatment option for capital physeal fractures in dogs: outcome in 53 cases. Vet Surg 2021; 50 (05) 1054-1064
• 3 Fitzpatrick N, Pratola L, Yeadon R, Nikolaou C, Hamilton M, Farrell M. Total hip replacement after failed femoral head and neck excision in two dogs and two cats. Vet Surg 2012; 41 (01) 136-142
• 4 Gemmill TJ, Pink J, Clarke SP, McKee WM. Total hip replacement for the treatment of atraumatic slipped femoral capital epiphysis in dogs. J Small Anim Pract 2012; 53 (08) 453-458
• 5 Meltzer LM, Dyce J, Leasure CS, Canapp Jr SO. Case factors for selection of femoral component type in canine hip arthroplasty using a modular system. Vet Surg 2022; 51 (02) 286-295
• 6 Guerrero TG, Montavon PM. Zurich cementless total hip replacement: retrospective evaluation of 2nd generation implants in 60 dogs. Vet Surg 2009; 38 (01) 70-80
• 7 Vezzoni L, Vezzoni A, Boudrieau RJ. Long-term outcome of Zürich cementless total hip arthroplasty in 439 cases. Vet Surg 2015; 44 (08) 921-929
• 8 Bayer K, Matiasovic M, Steger H, Böttcher P. Complications and long-term outcome in 16 canine cementless hybrid hip arthroplasties. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2019; 32 (01) 73-78
• 9 Fitzpatrick N, Law AY, Bielecki M, Girling S. Cementless total hip replacement in 20 juveniles using BFX™ arthroplasty. Vet Surg 2014; 43 (06) 715-725
• 10 Harper TAM. INNOPLANT total hip replacement system. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2017; 47 (04) 935-944
• 11 Schiller TD. BioMedtrix total hip replacement systems: an overview. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2017; 47 (04) 899-916
• 12 Marsolais GS, Peck JN, Berry C, Johnson A. Femoral medullary infarction prevalence with the Zurich cementless canine total hip arthroplasty. Vet Surg 2009; 38 (06) 677-680
• 13 Hummel DW, Lanz OI, Werre SR. Complications of cementless total hip replacement. A retrospective study of 163 cases. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2010; 23 (06) 424-432
• 14 Lanz OI, Forzisi I, Vezzoni A. Zurich cementless dual mobility cup for canine total hip prosthesis: implant characteristics and surgical outcome in 105 cases. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2021; 34 (04) 294-302
• 15 Kidd SW, Preston CA, Moore GE. Complications of porous-coated press-fit cementless total hip replacement in dogs. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2016; 29 (05) 402-408
• 16 Denny HR, Linnell M, Maddox TW, Comerford EJ. Canine total hip replacement using a cementless threaded cup and stem: a review of 55 cases. J Small Anim Pract 2018; 59 (06) 350-356
• 17 Hayashi K, Schulz KS. Advances in small animal total joint replacement. In: Peck JN, Marcellin-Littele DJ. eds. Methods of Immediate Fixation. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2012: 39-51
• 18 Hach V, Delfs G. Initial experience with a newly developed cementless hip endoprosthesis. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2009; 22 (02) 153-158
• 19 Singh H, Kukowski NR, Lunati MP. et al. Porous 3D printed titanium cages in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion are associated with less subsidence, improved maintenance of segmental lordotic correction, and similar clinical outcomes as allograft. Glob Spine J 2024; 14 (03) 878-888
• 20 Arabnejad S, Johnston B, Tanzer M, Pasini D. Fully porous 3D printed titanium femoral stem to reduce stress-shielding following total hip arthroplasty. J Orthop Res 2017; 35 (08) 1774-1783
• 21 Allen MJ. Advances in total joint replacement in small animals. J Small Anim Pract 2012; 53 (09) 495-506
• 22 Dosch M, Hayashi K, Garcia TC, Weeren R, Stover SM. Biomechanical evaluation of the Helica femoral implant system using traditional and modified techniques. Vet Surg 2013; 42 (07) 867-876
• 23 Cook JL, Evans R, Conzemius MG. et al. Proposed definitions and criteria for reporting time frame, outcome, and complications for clinical orthopedic studies in veterinary medicine. Vet Surg 2010; 39 (08) 905-908
• 24 El-Warrak AO, Olmstead ML, von Rechenberg A, Auer JA. A review of aseptic loosening in total hip arthroplasty. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2001; 14: 115-124
• 25 Trisciuzzi R, Fracassi L, Martin HA. et al. 41 cases of treatment of cranial cruciate ligament rupture with porous TTA: three years of follow up. Vet Sci 2019; 6 (01) 18
• 26 Changoor A, Suderman RP, Alshaygy I. et al. Irregular porous titanium enhances implant stability and bone ingrowth in an intra-articular ovine model. J Orthop Res 2022; 40 (10) 2294-2307
• 27 Nesser VE, Kowaleski MP, Boudrieau RJ. Severe polyethylene wear requiring revision total hip arthroplasty in three dogs. Vet Surg 2016; 45 (05) 664-671
• 28 Agnello KA, Cimino Brown D, Aoki K, Franklin S, Hayashi K. Risk factors for loosening of cementless threaded femoral implants in canine total hip arthroplasty. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2015; 28 (01) 48-53
• 29 Franklin SP, Miller NA, Riecks T. Complications with the Zurich canine total hip replacement system in an initial series of cases performed by a single surgeon. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2021; 34 (05) 346-351
• 30 Hayes GM, Ramirez J, Langley Hobbs SJ. Use of the cumulative summation technique to quantitatively assess a surgical learning curve: canine total hip replacement. Vet Surg 2011; 40 (01) 1-5