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CC BY 4.0 · Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2024; 82(09): s00441788273
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1788273
Original Article

The relationship between cognitive function and functional capacity, and cognitive reserve and reaction time in patients with multiple sclerosis

A relação entre função cognitiva e capacidade funcional, reserva cognitiva e tempo de reação em pacientes com esclerose múltipla

Authors

  • Busra Candiri 

    1   Inonu University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Department, Malatya, Türkiye.

  • Engin Ramazanoglu 

    1   Inonu University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Department, Malatya, Türkiye.

  • Burcu Talu 

    1   Inonu University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Department, Malatya, Türkiye.

  • Mehmet Tecellioglu 

    2   Inonu University, Faculty of Medicine, Neurology Department, Malatya, Türkiye.
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Abstract

Background Cognitive dysfunction is frequently seen in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, there are conflicting findings regarding the factors it is associated with.

Objective To investigate the relationship between aerobic capacity, strength, disability, depression, fatigue, and cognitive reserve and function.

Methods The mobile applications Trail Making Test (TMT A-B), Digit Span Test (DST), Visuospatial Memory Test (VSMT), and Tap Fast were used in the cognitive function evaluation. Functional performance was assessed with the 6-minute walk test (6MWT), 5-Time Sit-to-Sand (5STS) test, and grip strength. Cognitive Reserve Index (CRI), Beck Depression Inventory, Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and Nottingham Health Profile were also used.

Results A significant difference was found between the MS and control groups only in the 6MWT, STS-5, grip strength, TMT, VSMT, and Tap Fast. Good correlation was found between the TMT-A and 6MWT and physical mobility. A fair correlation was shown between grip strength, energy, and pain status. A good correlation was found between TMT-B and 6MWT, and a fair relationship with disability, cognitive reserve, and pain. Good correlation was observed between the DST and 6MWT, left grip strength, pain, and energy status; fair correlations were found between right grip strength, cognitive reserve, and physical mobility. Good correlation was found between the VSMT and energy. A fair relationship between disability, cognitive reserve, and pain was demonstrated. Good correlation was observed between the Tap Fast score and disability, 5STS, FSS, energy, and physical mobility. A fair relationship was found between pain and social isolation.

Conclusion It has been shown that cognitive performance in MS is related to disability, functional performance, cognitive reserve, fatigue, and general health.

Trial registration NCT06084182.

Resumo

Antecedentes A disfunção cognitiva é frequentemente observada na esclerose múltipla (EM). No entanto, existem resultados conflitantes sobre os fatores aos quais está associada.

Objetivo Investigar a relação entre capacidade aeróbica, força, incapacidade, depressão, fadiga e reserva e função cognitiva.

Métodos Os aplicativos móveis Trail Making Test (TMT A-B), Digit Span Test (DST), Visuoespacial Memory Test (VSMT) e Tap Fast foram utilizados na avaliação da função cognitiva. O desempenho funcional foi avaliado por meio do teste de caminhada de 6 minutos (TC6), Teste de Sentar-Levantar Cinco Vezes (TSL5) e força de preensão manual. Também foram utilizados Índice de Reserva Cognitiva (IRC), Inventário de Depressão de Beck, Escala de Gravidade de Fadiga (EGF) e Perfil de Saúde de Nottingham.

Resultados Foi encontrada diferença significativa entre os grupos EM e controle apenas no TC6, TSL5, força de preensão, TMT, VSMT e Tap Fast. Foi encontrada boa correlação entre o TMT-A e o TC6 e a mobilidade física. Foi demonstrada uma correlação razoável entre força de preensão, energia e estado de dor. Foi encontrada uma boa correlação entre o TMT-B e o TC6, e uma relação razoável com incapacidade, reserva cognitiva e dor. Foi observada boa correlação entre o DST e o TC6, força de preensão esquerda, dor e estado energético; correlações justas foram encontradas entre força de preensão direita, reserva cognitiva e mobilidade física. Foi encontrada boa correlação entre o VSMT e a energia. Foi demonstrada uma relação justa entre incapacidade, reserva cognitiva e dor. Foi observada boa correlação entre o escore Tap Fast e incapacidade, TLS5, EGF, energia e mobilidade física. Foi encontrada uma relação justa entre dor e isolamento social.

Conclusão Foi demonstrado que o desempenho cognitivo na EM está relacionado com incapacidade, desempenho funcional, reserva cognitiva, fadiga e saúde geral.

Registro de teste NCT06084182.

Keywords

Multiple Sclerosis - Cognition - Cognitive Reserve - Mobile Applications - Muscle Strength - Physical Functional Performance

Palavras-chave

Esclerose Múltipla - Cognição - Reserva Cognitiva - Aplicativos Móveis - Força Muscular - Desempenho Físico Funcional

Edtor-in-Chief

Hélio A. G. Teive.


Associate Editor

Tarso Adoni.


Presentation

This study was accepted as an oral presentation to the 4th International Artemis Congress on Health and Sport Sciences, which took place from June –3rd to 6th, 2023 (also online).


Authors' Contributions

BC: conceptualization, data curation, formal analysis, investigation, methodology, project administration, supervision, visualization, writing – original draft, and writing – review and editing; ER: data curation, supervision, writing – original draft, and writing – review and editing; BT: conceptualization, methodology, supervision, writing – original draft, and writing – review and editing; MT: conceptualization, visualization, writing – original draft, and writing – review and editing.




Publication History

Received: 07 April 2024

Accepted: 30 May 2024

Article published online:
26 August 2024

© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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Bibliographical Record
Busra Candiri, Engin Ramazanoglu, Burcu Talu, Mehmet Tecellioglu. The relationship between cognitive function and functional capacity, and cognitive reserve and reaction time in patients with multiple sclerosis. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2024; 82: s00441788273.
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1788273