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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Indian J Plast Surg 2024; 57(04): 287-293
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1787689
Original Article

Normative Radiographic Measurements of Scaphoid in a Sample Indian Population

Authors

  • Anil K. Bhat

    1   Department of Hand surgery, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India

  • Mithun Pai G. 

    1   Department of Hand surgery, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India

  • Amanpreet Singh

    2   Department of Orthopaedics, Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Bathinda, Punjab, India

Funding None.
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Abstract

Introduction Wrist parameters measured on direct radiography are essential in diagnosing scaphoid-related pathologies and treatment. Although computed tomography has been used to establish normative for scaphoid measurement, no research has focused on Indian norms. This study aimed to determine the distribution and normal limits of parameters measured in our population's posteroanterior (PA) and direct lateral radiographs of the wrist.

Materials and Methods Two investigators conducted a prospective analysis of normal wrist radiographs in a single center. Radiology information system-picture archiving and communication system was used to collect standard digitized normal X-rays without significant osseous pathology over a year. The sample size was 600, distributed among age groups 18 to 30, 31 to 50, and 51 years and above. Scaphoid length, scaphoid width, scapholunate ratio, and scapholunate distance using both Cautilli and Gilula techniques were measured on a PA view, and scapholunate, radioscaphoid, and intrascaphoid angles were measured on a lateral view. As the lunate morphology is supposed to affect carpal kinematics with the scaphoid, the same was evaluated using the Viegas classification.

Results A total of eight measurements were documented. Scaphoid length, scaphoid width measurements, and lateral intrascaphoid angle were more in males than in females and were found to be statistically significant. No other parameters showed any significance in terms of age and relation to lunate morphology.

Conclusion The study offers a comprehensive analysis of measuring parameters specific to the Indian population. For the first time, the measurement of scapholunate distance was conducted utilizing two distinct methodologies. The normative intrascaphoid angle range and clinical implications were determined.

Keywords

normative - scaphoid - Indian - scapholunate - intrascaphoid

Ethical Approval

Approval Letter Number: KHIEC/876/221.


Authors' Contributions

A.K.B. was responsible for the concept, data measurement analysis, statistics, and manuscript editing. M.P.G. acted as the principal investigator, handling measurement and analysis, as well as manuscript writing. A.S. contributed to data collection, measurements, and analysis.




Publication History

Article published online:
14 June 2024

© 2024. Association of Plastic Surgeons of India. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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