RSS-Feed abonnieren
PDF herunterladen
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1786827
The Role of Computed Tomography in the Diagnosis of Congenital Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Funding The authors received no financial support for the present research.
Abstract
Introduction One of the paths in the investigation of congenital sensorineural hearing loss (CSNHL) is to try to characterize its etiology through the inner ear evaluation using high resolution computer tomography (CT) scans. With minor malformation, it is not always possible for a simple visual inspection to recognize if the structure in the inner ear is normal or not.
Objective To verify if measurements of the inner ear are predictive of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and suggest cutoff points of size limits.
Methods Retrospective cross-sectional study of inner ear CT scan measurements of 214 patients, 50 with congenital SNHL (CSNHL) and 164 acquired SNHL (ASNHL) (control group).
Results In the CSNHL group, central bony island (CBI) were 0.48 mm smaller (p < 0.001), cochlear nerve aperture was (CNA) 0.10 mm smaller (p < 0.001), and cochlea height was (CH) 0.15 mm smaller (p < 0.001). Vestibular aqueduct (VA) and cochlea width (CW) were similar between groups (0.70 vs 0.72, p = 0.19, and 7.20 vs 7.15 p = 0.23). The predictive cutoff points for CSNHL were CBI = 3.6 mm, CAN = 1.4 mm, CH = 3.4 mm, CW = 7.0 mm, and VA = 0.9 mm.
Conclusion Congenital sensorineural hearing loss determined a decrease in CBI, opening of the cochlear nerve (OCN), and CW. Thus, these measures, at the cutoff points indicated, should make us aware of the diagnosis of congenital hearing loss.
Publikationsverlauf
Eingereicht: 25. Januar 2023
Angenommen: 30. Juli 2023
Artikel online veröffentlicht:
07. Juni 2024
© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Thieme Revinter Publicações Ltda.
Rua do Matoso 170, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 20270-135, Brazil
-
References
- 1 Mehra S, Eavey RD, Keamy Jr DG. The epidemiology of hearing impairment in the United States: newborns, children, and adolescents. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2009; 140 (04) 461-472
- 2 Huang BY, Zdanski C, Castillo M. Pediatric sensorineural hearing loss, part 2: syndromic and acquired causes. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2012; 33 (03) 399-406
- 3 Yuen HY, Ahuja AT, Wong KT, Yue V, van Hasselt AC. Computed tomography of common congenital lesions of the temporal bone. Clin Radiol 2003; 58 (09) 687-693
- 4 Tomura N, Sashi R, Kobayashi M, Hirano H, Hashimoto M, Watarai J. Normal variations of the temporal bone on high-resolution CT: their incidence and clinical significance. Clin Radiol 1995; 50 (03) 144-148
- 5 Davidson HC. Imaging of the temporal bone. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 2004; 14 (04) 721-760
- 6 Casselman JW, Offeciers EF, De Foer B, Govaerts P, Kuhweide R, Somers T. CT and MR imaging of congential abnormalities of the inner ear and internal auditory canal. Eur J Radiol 2001; 40 (02) 94-104
- 7 Sakashita T, Sando I. Postnatal development of the internal auditory canal studied by computer-aided three-dimensional reconstruction and measurement. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1995; 104 (06) 469-475
- 8 Furuta S, Ogura M, Higano S, Takahashi S, Kawase T. Reduced size of the cochlear branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve in a child with sensorineural hearing loss. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2000; 21 (02) 328-330
- 9 Nishizaki K, Yuen K, Akagi H, Ogawa T, Masuda Y. Imaging case of the month: bilateral empty internal auditory canal. Am J Otol 1999; 20 (01) 91-92
- 10 Purcell DD, Fischbein NJ, Patel A, Johnson J, Lalwani AK. Two temporal bone computed tomography measurements increase recognition of malformations and predict sensorineural hearing loss. Laryngoscope 2006; 116 (08) 1439-1446
- 11 Alam-Eldeen MH, Hasana N, Rashad U. Value of magnetic resonance imaging measurement of lateral semicircular canal bone island in sensorineural hearing loss patients. J Current Med Res Pract 2017; 2: 35-41
- 12 Sando I, Orita Y, Miura M, Balaban CD. Vestibular abnormalities in congenital disorders. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2001; 942: 15-24
- 13 Bamiou DE, Phelps P, Sirimanna T. Temporal bone computed tomography findings in bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Arch Dis Child 2000; 82 (03) 257-260
- 14 Chen JL, Gittleman A, Barnes PD, Chang KW. Utility of temporal bone computed tomographic measurements in the evaluation of inner ear malformations. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2008; 134 (01) 50-56
- 15 Purcell D, Johnson J, Fischbein N, Lalwani AK. Establishment of normative cochlear and vestibular measurements to aid in the diagnosis of inner ear malformations. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2003; 128 (01) 78-87
- 16 Purcell DD, Fischbein N, Lalwani AK. Identification of previously “undetectable” abnormalities of the bony labyrinth with computed tomography measurement. Laryngoscope 2003; 113 (11) 1908-1911
- 17 Mafee MF, Charletta D, Kumar A, Belmont H. Large vestibular aqueduct and congenital sensorineural hearing loss. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1992; 13 (02) 805-819
- 18 Bamiou DE, Savy L, O'Mahoney C, Phelps P, Sirimanna T. Unilateral sensorineural hearing loss and its aetiology in childhood: the contribution of computerised tomography in aetiological diagnosis and management. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1999; 51 (02) 91-99
- 19 Cross NC, Stephens SDG, Francis M, Hourihan MD, Reardon W. Computed tomography evaluation of the inner ear as a diagnostic, counselling and management strategy in patients with congenital sensorineural hearing impairment. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci 1999; 24 (03) 235-238
- 20 Yiin RSZ, Tang PH, Tan TY. Review of congenital inner ear abnormalities on CT temporal bone. Br J Radiol 2011; 84 (1005): 859-863
- 21 Joshi VM, Navlekar SK, Kishore GR, Reddy KJ, Kumar EC. CT and MR imaging of the inner ear and brain in children with congenital sensorineural hearing loss. Neurol Head Neck Imaging 2012; 32: 683-699
- 22 Valvassori GE, Clemis JD. The large vestibular aqueduct syndrome. Laryngoscope 1978; 88 (05) 723-728
- 23 Lemmerling MM, Mancuso AA, Antonelli PJ, Kubilis PS. Normal modiolus: CT appearance in patients with a large vestibular aqueduct. Radiology 1997; 204 (01) 213-219
- 24 Mafong DD, Shin EJ, Lalwani AK. Use of laboratory evaluation and radiologic imaging in the diagnostic evaluation of children with sensorineural hearing loss. Laryngoscope 2002; 112 (01) 1-7
- 25 Fatterpekar GM, Mukherji SK, Alley J, Lin Y, Castillo M. Hypoplasia of the bony canal for the cochlear nerve in patients with congenital sensorineural hearing loss: initial observations. Radiology 2000; 215 (01) 243-246
- 26 Komatsubara S, Haruta A, Nagano Y, Kodama T. Evaluation of cochlear nerve imaging in severe congenital sensorineural hearing loss. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 2007; 69 (03) 198-202
- 27 Stjernholm C, Muren C. Aspects of temporal bone anatomy and pathology in conjunction with cochlear implant surgery. Acta Radiol Suppl 2003; 430: 2-15
- 28 Lan MY, Shiao JY, Ho CY, Hung HC. Measurements of normal inner ear on computed tomography in children with congenital sensorineural hearing loss. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2009; 266 (09) 1361-1364
- 29 Teissier N, Van Den Abbeele T, Sebag G, Elmaleh-Berges M. Computed Tomography measurements of the normal and the pathologic cochlea in children. Pediatr Radiol 2010; 40 (03) 275-283
- 30 Würfel W, Lanfermann H, Lenarz T, Majdani O. Cochlear length determination using Cone Beam Computed Tomography in a clinical setting. Hear Res 2014; 316: 65-72
- 31 Woolley AL, Oser AB, Lusk RP, Bahadori RS. Preoperative temporal bone computed tomography scan and its use in evaluating the pediatric cochlear implant candidate. Laryngoscope 1997; 107 (08) 1100-1106
- 32 Rothschild MA, Wackym PA, Silvers AR, Som PM. Isolated primary unilateral stenosis of the internal auditory canal. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1999; 50 (03) 219-224