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CC BY 4.0 · European Journal of General Dentistry 2024; 13(01): 051-059
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1778674
Original Article

In Vitro Evaluation of the Effect of Oleanolic Acid as a Potential Root Canal Medicament on Viability and Proliferation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells

Khalifah A. Alhaila
1   Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Egypt
,
Manal Farouk Badawi
2   Departement of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
,
Mohamed G. Elbeltagy
3   Urology and Nephrology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
,
Amany E. Badr
1   Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Egypt
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Abstract

Objective In light of the potential drawbacks associated with certain intracanal medicaments, such as triple antibiotic paste (TAP) and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH2)), the introduction of herbal agents has ushered in a new era in the field of dentistry. Consequently, this study aimed to explore the impact of oleanolic acid (OA) on the viability and proliferation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), comparing its effects to those of conventional intracanal medicaments, TAP and Ca(OH2).

Materials and Methods DPSCs were derived from the third molars of an adult donor. Flow cytometry was utilized to do a phenotypic study on DPSCs. The methyl-thiazol tetrazolium (MTT) test was used to evaluate cellular viability. The cells were subjected to various concentrations of TAP and Ca(OH)2 (5, 2.5, 1, 0.5, and 0.25 mg/mL), in addition to OA (40, 20, 10, 5, and 2.5 µM). A cell proliferation experiment assessed the cell growth precisely at 3, 5, and 7 days.

Results DPSCs were characterized by flow cytometry. The mesenchymal markers (CD73, CD90, and CD105) had a positive expression. However, the hematological markers (CD14, CD34, and CD45) showed negligible expression. A notable reduction in cellular viability was seen in cells subjected to concentrations exceeding 0.5 mg/mL of TAP and Ca(OH)2 compared to the cells that were not treated (p < 0.05). The cells treated with different concentrations of OA 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 µM did not exhibit any significant variance in cell viability compared to untreated cells (p > 0.05). Moreover, the concentrations of OA (20, 10, and 5 µM) showed high proliferation level compared to TAP and Ca(OH2) especially 5µM of OA after 7 days (p < 0.05).

Conclusion Our results revealed that OA exerted significant effect on the viability and proliferation of DPSCs compared to TAP and Ca(OH2).

Keywords

oleanolic acid - triple antibiotic paste - calcium hydroxide - dental pulp stem cells - cell viability - cell proliferation - intracanal medicaments - immature teeth

Clinical Significance

OA could have the capability for application in revascularization process of necrotic immature teeth.


Supplementary Material



Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
20. März 2024

© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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