Complications and Outcomes of Total Hip Arthroplasty in Dogs with Luxoid Hip Dysplasia: 16 Cases (2010–2022)

Introduction: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) in dogs is associated with a high rate of major and catastrophic complications, with previous studies suggesting that dogs with “luxoid” hip (LH) dysplasia may be at greater risk. Moreover, criteria to identify LH has been ill defined. The primary objective of this study was to report complications and outcomes in LH dogs undergoing THA and compare complication rates with THA in non-LH dogs. A secondary objective was to report a novel quantitative means of identifying LH.

Materials and Methods: Dogs (2010–2022) with LH undergoing THA were compared with non-LH dogs. Signalment, body weight, implant size, radiographic findings (LH vs. non-LH), implant size, implant positioning, major or catastrophic complications, interval to complication, treatment, and outcome were recorded for each dog.

Results: Complications occurred in 11/16 dogs with LH; six were intraoperative (femoral fissure [n = 2], femoral fracture [n = 4]) and five were postoperative (dorsal luxation [n = 4], acetabular cup septic loosening [n = 1]). LH dogs had a higher risk of developing complications (p = 0.0031), including intraoperative fracture (p = 0.0056) and postoperative dorsal luxation (p = 0.0093) when compared to non-LH dogs.

Discussion/Conclusion: We demonstrated a higher incidence of major complications in LH dogs compared to non-LH dogs. Given these results, LH should be considered as an important risk factor for the development of major complications following THA in dogs. While the risk of complications is greater, revision was typically successful and therefore overall outcomes appear favorable. The objective criteria established in this study for identifying LH dogs may have clinical utility.

Acknowledgments: There was no proprietary interest or funding provided for this project.

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Artikel online veröffentlicht:
11. September 2023