Open Access
CC BY 4.0 · Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2023; 45(04): 192-200
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1768999
Original Article
High Risk Pregnancy

Changing Paradigms in the Initial Treatment of Ectopic Pregnancy at a University Hospital in Brazil

Mudança de paradigmas do tratamento inicial de gravidez ectópica em um hospital universitário no Brasil
1   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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1   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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1   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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1   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
› Institutsangaben
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Abstract

Objective To evaluate the use of different treatment options for ectopic pregnancy and the frequency of severe complications in a university hospital.

Methods Observational study with women with ectopic pregnancy admitted at UNICAMP Womeńs Hospital, Brazil, between 01/01/2000 and 12/31/2017. The outcome variables were the type of treatment (first choice) and the presence of severe complications. Independent variables were clinical and sociodemographic data. Statistical analysis was carried out by the Cochran–Armitage test, chi-square test, Mann–Whitney test and multiple Cox regression.

Results In total 673 women were included in the study. The mean age was 29.0 years (± 6.1) and the mean gestational age was 7.7 (± 2.5). The frequency of surgical treatment decreased significantly over time (z = -4.69; p < 0.001). Conversely, there was a significant increase in the frequency of methotrexate treatment (z = 4.73; p < 0.001). Seventy-one women (10.5%) developed some type of severe complication. In the final statistical model, the prevalence of severe complications was higher in women who were diagnosed with a ruptured ectopic pregnancy at admission (PR = 2.97; 95%CI: 1.61–5.46), did not present with vaginal bleeding (PR = 2.45; 95%CI: 1.41–4.25), had never undergone laparotomy/laparoscopy (PR = 6.69; 95%CI: 1.62–27.53), had a non-tubal ectopic pregnancy (PR = 4.61; 95%CI: 1.98–10.74), and do not smoke (PR = 2.41; 95%CI: 1.08–5.36).

Conclusion there was a change in the first treatment option for cases of ectopic pregnancy in the hospital during the period of analysis. Factors inherent to a disease that is more difficult to treat are related to a higher frequency of severe complications.

Resumo

Objetivo Avaliar as diferentes opções de tratamento para gravidez ectópica e a frequencia de complicações graves em um hospital universitário.

Métodos Estudo observacional com mulheres com gravidez ectópica admitidas no Hospital da Mulher da UNICAMP, no Brasill, entre 01/01/2000 e 31/12/2017. As variáveis de desfecho foram o tipo de tratamento (primeira escolha) e a presença de complicações graves. As variáveis independents foram dados clínicos e sociodemográficos. A análise estatística foi realizada pelo teste de Cochran–Armitage, teste de qui-quadrado, teste de Mann–Whitney e Regressão de Cox Múltipla.

Resulados No total, 673 mulheres foram incluídas no estudo. A idade médica foi de 29.0 anos (± 6.1) e a idade gestacional media foi de 7.7 (± 2.5). A frequencia de tratamento cirúrgico diminuiu significativamente ao longo dos anos(z = -4.69; p < 0.001). Simultaneamente, houve um aumento da frequencia do tratamento clínico(z = 4.73; p < 0.001). Setenta e uma mulheres (10.5%) desenvolveram algum tipo de complicação grave. No modelo estatístico final, a prevalência de complicações graves foi maior nas mulheres que tiveram diagnóstico de gestação ectópica rota à admissão (PR = 2.97; 95%CI: 1.61–5.46), que não apresentaram sangramento vaginal (PR = 2.45; 95%CI: 1.41–4.25), sem antecedentes de laparotomia/laparoscopia (PR = 6.69; 95%CI: 1.62–27.53), com gravidez ectópica não-tubária (PR = 4.61; 95%CI: 1.98–10.74), e não tabagistas (PR = 2.41; 95%CI: 1.08–5.36).

Conclusão Houve uma mudança na escolha do primeiro tratamento indicado nos casos de gravidez ectópica durante o período analisado. Os fatores inerentes a doença relacionados a maior dificuldade de tratamento foram associados a maior frequencia de complicações graves.

Contributions

BVGT and LFB contributed to data collection, study conception and design, and drafting the manuscript. LSD and ISI contributed to project development, data collection, and study conception and design. All authors reviewed and approved the final manuscript.




Publikationsverlauf

Eingereicht: 18. August 2022

Angenommen: 11. November 2022

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
24. Mai 2023

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