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CC BY 4.0 · Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2024; 28(01): e50-e56
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1768141
Original Research

Behavioral Assessment of Central Auditory Processing in Turner Syndrome

Adriana Fernandes Duarte dos Santos 
1   Programa de Pós-Graduação em Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
,
Martha Marcela Matos Bazilio 
2   Department of Speech Therapy, Faculdade de Medicina UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
,
Silvana Frota 
2   Department of Speech Therapy, Faculdade de Medicina UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
,
Marilia Guimarães 
3   Endocrinology Service, Faculdade de Medicina URFJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
,
Marcia Gonçalves Ribeiro 
4   Pediatrics Department, Faculdade de Medicina UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
› Author Affiliations Funding None to declare.
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Abstract

Introduction Turner syndrome (TS) affects ∼ 1 in 2,500 live births. The presence of hearing alterations is one of the comorbidities found in this syndrome.

Objective The present study aimed to evaluate the central auditory abilities in TS and to associate the alterations found with the cytogenetic pattern of the syndrome.

Methods We included children and adults aged 9 to 39 years old, diagnosed with TS, with numerical or structural alterations of sex chromosomes in their karyotype. A battery of behavioral tests of central auditory processing (CAP) was performed, including a test within the modalities: monoaural low-redundancy, dichotic listening, binaural interaction, and temporal processing (resolution and ordering). We studied auditory skills in the total sample and in the sample stratified by age, divided into groups: G1 (9 to 13 years old), G2 (14 to 19 years old), and G3 (20 to 31 years old). For the association of the cytogenetic pattern, the division was T1 (chromosome monosomy X), and T2 (other TS cytogenetic patterns). Statistical analysis presented data expressed as median and interquartile range for numerical data and as frequency and percentage for categorical data.

Results We found alterations in four auditory skills in the three age groups, but there was a statistically significant difference between the age groups only in the Gaps in Noise Test (GIN) (p-value = 0.009). Regarding karyotype, a greater number of alterations in the T1 cytogenetic pattern (chromosome monosomy X) was observed in four auditory skills, but without a statistically significant difference.

Conclusion The alterations found point to an impairment in CAP in TS.

Keywords

turner syndrome - gonadal dysgenesis, 45, X - hearing - auditory processing


Publication History

Received: 06 June 2022

Accepted: 03 November 2022

Article published online:
06 October 2023

© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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