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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Asian J Neurosurg 2023; 18(01): 132-138
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1764118
Original Article

Clinical Characteristics of Poor-Grade Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Treatment

Adi Ahmetspahić
1   Clinic for Neurosurgery, Clinical Center of University in Sarajevo (CCUS), Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
2   Faculty of Medicine, Sarajevo School of Science and Technology (SSST), Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
,
Dragan Janković
3   Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
4   Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University, Osijek, Croatia
,
Eldin Burazerovic 
1   Clinic for Neurosurgery, Clinical Center of University in Sarajevo (CCUS), Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
,
Bekir Rovčanin 
1   Clinic for Neurosurgery, Clinical Center of University in Sarajevo (CCUS), Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
,
Amina Šahbaz
2   Faculty of Medicine, Sarajevo School of Science and Technology (SSST), Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
,
Esma Hasanagić
2   Faculty of Medicine, Sarajevo School of Science and Technology (SSST), Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
,
Almir Džurlić
1   Clinic for Neurosurgery, Clinical Center of University in Sarajevo (CCUS), Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
,
Nermir Granov
5   Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Clinical Center of University in Sarajevo (CCUS), Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
,
Alberto Feletti 
6   Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Institute of Neurosurgery, University of Verona, AOUI Verona, Verona, Italy
› Institutsangaben Funding None.
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Abstract

Background The initial clinical status after aneurysm rupture, whether primary or secondary, determines the final outcome. The most common cause of patient deterioration is a high Hunt and Hess (HH) score, which correlates closely with a high mortality rate. Poor-grade aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is determined as an HH score 4 or 5. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics of poor graded aneurysmal SAH at our institution.

Patients and Methods During the 5-year period, 415 patients with intracranial aneurysm were admitted to our institution. Patients with poor-grade aneurysmal SAH accounted 31.08% (n = 132) of the total number of ruptured aneurysms. Interventional treatment was predominantly in the form of surgery, whereas conservative treatment included medication and external ventricular drainage. Final outcome was assessed with a modified Rankin score (mRs). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23.0 with a significance level set to 5% (α = 0.05).

Results The majority of patients (57.6%) were in the age range from 51 to 69 years. Twenty-five patients (18.9%) had an HH score of 4, whereas 107 patients (81.1%) had an HH score of 5. Depending on the location, the majority of patients (n = 43) had an aneurysm on the medial cerebral artery (MCA). The final aneurysm occlusion was performed in 71 patients, of whom 94.36% were treated surgically. A positive outcome (mRs 0–4) was found in 49.25% of patients who underwent primarily surgical, treatment with a mortality of 42.3%. Although the outcome was better in patients with an HH score 4, both groups benefited from surgical treatment.

Conclusion Poor-grade aneurismal SAH is a condition of the middle and older age, with most patients with an HH 5 score and deep comatose state. There was better outcome in patients with an HH score of 4 compared to an HH score of 5 and both groups benefited from surgical treatment, which resulted in a positive outcome in almost 50% of surgically treated patients.

Keywords

outcome - poor grade - subarachnoid hemorrhage - surgery - treatment

Authors' Contributions

Adi Ahmetspahić designed the study, collected the data, and contributed to the analysis of the results and the writing of the manuscript. Dragan Janković contributed to the analysis of the results and the writing of the manuscript. Eldin Burazerović contributed to the analysis of the results and the writing of the manuscript, he also supervised the findings of this work. Bekir Rovčanin contributed to the analysis of the results and the writing of the manuscript. Amina Šahbaz collected the data and contributed to the analysis of the results. Esma Hasanagić contributed to the collection of the data and the analysis of the results. Almir Džurlić contributed to the collection of the data and the writing of the manuscript. Nermir Granov contributed to the design of the study and supervised the findings of this work. Alberto Feletti designed the study and supervised the findings of this work. All authors reviewed the results and approved the final version of the manuscript.




Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
27. März 2023

© 2023. Asian Congress of Neurological Surgeons. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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