Treatment of Enneking Stage 3 (S) Vertebral Hemangioma with Minimal Invasive Techniques without MAJ

Introduction: To determine the safety and efficacy, minimal invasive treatments like transarterial embolization, percutaneous sclerotherapy, and vertebroplasty in the management of Enneking stage 3 vertebral hemangioma are useful without major spinal surgery.

Method(s): A retrospective, single-institution retrospective analysis of clinical outcomes was performed of nine patients who received minimal invasive treatment like transarterial embolization, percutaneous sclerotherapy, and vertebroplasty for aggressive vertebral hemangioma. A visual analog scale (VAS) was used to clinically evaluate the level of pain. Neurologic examinations were performed to assess the patients' sensory symptoms, motor deficits, and Frankel grade.

Result(s): Eight out of 9 patients received transarterial angioembolization followed by percutaneous sclerotherapy using STS (sodium tetradecyl sulfate). One patient only received transarterial embolization only. Two patients out of eight underwent percutaneous vertebroplasty due to persistent pain after sclerotherapy.

Conclusion(s): Minimal invasive techniques like transarterial embolization, percutaneous sclerotherapy, and vertebroplasty in Enneking stage 3 vertebral hemangioma are effective and safe treatment options for such conditions.

Publication History

Article published online:
09 February 2023