Challenging Scenarios in Embolization for Acute Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage: Case Series

Introduction: Coil embolization is the most commonly used method in trans-arterial embolization (TAE) for acute gastrointestinal (GI) bleed. However, more often than not, technically challenging methods like glue embolization and stent-graft placement need to be considered.

Method(s): Case series includes four cases of GI bleeding treated at interventional radiology department of our institute during March 2021 to January 2022. Indications were acute spontaneous GI bleeding secondary to pancreatitis and postprocedure (hepatobiliary procedures)-related GI bleeding. All cases underwent CT angiography for localization of bleeder and planning for embolization method. Written informed consent was obtained from all cases prior to the procedure.

Result(s): A total of 3 cases were postprocedure related and 1 was complication of acute pancreatitis. One case of right hepatic artery treated with stent graft, percutaneous glue used for right hepatic artery and LGA cases due to difficult access. Pancreatic arcade case treated with micro-coil embolization of three vessels.

Conclusion(s): Anatomical variations or postprocedure alteration leads to difficulties in embolization. Acquaintance of technique and hands-on experience of various methods are essential for successful embolization.

Publication History

Article published online:
09 February 2023