Automatische Anfallsdetektion bei Epilepsie

Zusammenfassung

Die automatische computerunterstützte Detektion von epileptischen Anfällen ist wichtig zur Überprüfung der Wirksamkeit der Epilepsiebehandlung, SUDEP-Prävention, Vermeidung von anfallsassoziierten Verletzungen, Warnung vor bevorstehenden Anfällen und Entwicklung von bedarfsgesteuerten Therapieformen. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über die Prinzipien und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten von automatischen computergestützten Anfallsdetektionssystemen.

Abstract

Automatic computer-based seizure detection is important for the objective assessment of efficacy of epilepsy treatment, for the prevention of SUDEP and of seizure-associated accidents, for warning patients from upcoming seizures and for the development of ondemand treatment devices. Automatic seizure detection can be performed by analysis of scalp and intracranial EEG, and by measurement of motor phenomena with surface EMG, accelerometry, video-detection systems and mattress sensors and of physiological parameters like heart and respiratory rate, sweat secretion and skin temperature. Multimodal systems are best to detect different clinical seizure types. While most systems provide high sensitivity, specificity still needs to be improved. Acceptance of specific devices by patients in everyday life is of critical importance.

Schlüsselwörter

Epilepsie - Anfallsdetektion - EEG - EKG - Oberflächen-EMG

Key words

epilepsy - seizure detection - EEG - ECG - surface-EMG

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