Die Prävalenz von Zahnfehlanlagen bei Lippen-Kiefer-Gaumenspaltpatienten

Zusammenfassung

Zahnfehlanlagen treten bei Patienten mit Lippen-Kiefer-Gaumenspalten (LKG-Spalten) vermehrt und speziell im Bereich der lateralen Schneidezähne auf. Ziel der vorliegenden retrospektiven Studie war es, die Patienten mit LKG-Spalten, die an der Universitätsklinik Innsbruck in Behandlung sind, auf Zahn-Anomalien zu untersuchen. Nach Anwendung der Ausschlusskriterien wurden 86 Patienten in die Studie einbezogen und in 4 Gruppen eingeteilt: unilaterale LKG-Spalten links (ULCLP), unilaterale LKG-Spalten rechts (URCLP), bilaterale LKG-Spalten (BCLP) und reine Gaumenspalten (CP). Alle Panoramaröntgenaufnahmen bzw. wenn vorhanden DVT oder CT sowie intraorale Fotos wurden auf Nichtanlagen sowie überzählige und dysmorphe Zähne untersucht. In den Gruppen ULCLP und BCLP war bei 50% bzw. 56,5% der Patienten zumindest ein Zahn im Spaltbereich nicht angelegt, während in der Gruppe URCLP durch die geringe Patientenzahl keine bedeutsame Aussage getroffen werden konnte. Außerhalb des Spaltbereichs war bei durchschnittlich 33,7% der Patienten zumindest ein Zahn nicht angelegt, wobei vor allem die zweiten Prämolaren betroffen waren.

Abstract

Dental anomalies appear more often in patients with cleft lip and palate than in the general population, especially in the region of the maxillary lateral incisors. The aim of this retrospective study was to examine the frequency of dental anomalies in patients with different cleft types treated at the University Hospital in Innsbruck, Austria. After applying the exclusion criteria 86 Patients were included in the study and divided into 4 groups: unilateral left cleft lip and palate (ULCLP), unilateral right cleft lip and palate (URCLP), bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) and cleft palate (CP). All records like panoramic x-rays, DVT or CT if available and intra-oral photographs were used to diagnose dental agenesis as well as supernumerary and malformed teeth. In the ULCLP and BCLP groups 50% respectively 56.5% of the patients had at least one missing tooth in the cleft region, whereas no assumptions could be made for the URCLP group because of the small number of patients. Outside the cleft region an average of 33.7% of the patients had at least one missing tooth, whereby an agenesis of the second bicuspids was most common.

Schlüsselwörter

Lippen-Kiefer-Gaumen-Spalten - Zahnagenesie - überzählige Zähne - dysmorphe Zähne

Key words

cleft lip and palate - tooth agenesis - supernumerary teeth - malformed teeth

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