Zirkulierende Tumorzellen, zirkulierende Tumor-DNA und zirkulierende microRNA beim metastasierten Mammakarzinom – oder: Welche Rolle spielt die Liquid Biopsy beim Brustkrebs?

Zusammenfassung

Die Streuung von Tumorzellen und Entstehung solider Metastasen findet sowohl über das Lymph- als auch das Blutsystem statt. Der Nachweis zirkulierender Tumorzellen (CTCs) und der zirkulierenden Tumor-DNA (ctDNA) im venösen Blut ist sowohl beim frühen als auch beim metastasierten Mammakarzinom möglich. Ihre prognostische Relevanz wurde bereits mehrfach bewiesen. Dabei ist die repetitive Untersuchung der CTCs bzw. ctDNA im Sinne einer regelmäßigen „liquid biopsy“ jederzeit und problemlos möglich. Durch die zusätzlichen molekularen Analysen ist es möglich, Tumorcharakteristika und ihre Heterogenität, die mit möglichen Resistenzen einhergehen, zu definieren. Dies ermöglicht den Einsatz einer personalisierten und zielgerichteten Therapie, um neben einem verlängerten Gesamtüberleben auch die Verbesserung der Lebensqualität zu erreichen.

Schlüsselwörter

Brust - Her-2/neu (humaner epidermaler Wachstumsfaktor-Rezeptor) - Hormonrezeptor - Tumor der Brustdrüse - Metastase

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