Rofo 2018; 190(05): 441-446
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-120529
Musculoskeletal System
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Volumetric Assessment of Swallowing Muscles: A Comparison of CT and MRI Segmentation

Volumetrische Erfassung der Schluckmuskulatur: Ein Vergleich von CT und MRT Segmentation
Kim Barbara Sporns
1   Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
,
Uta Hanning
1   Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
,
Rene Schmidt
2   Institute of Biostatistics and Clinical Research, University of Muenster, Germany
,
Paul Muhle
3   Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Muenster, Germany
,
Rainer Wirth
4   Department of Geriatric Medicine, Universitätsklinikum Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr-University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany
,
Sebastian Zimmer
1   Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
,
Rainer Dziewas
3   Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Muenster, Germany
,
Sonja Suntrup-Krueger
3   Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Muenster, Germany
,
Peter Bernhard Sporns
1   Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
,
Walter Heindel
1   Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
,
Wolfram Schwindt
1   Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

09 July 2017

11 September 2017

Publication Date:
03 November 2017 (online)

Abstract

Purpose Recent retrospective studies have proposed a high correlation between atrophy of swallowing muscles, age, severity of dysphagia and aspiration status based on computed tomography (CT). However, ionizing radiation poses an ethical barrier to research in prospective non-patient populations. Hence, there is a need to prove the efficacy of techniques that rely on noninvasive methods and produce high-resolution soft tissue images such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The objective of this study was therefore to compare the segmentation results of swallowing muscles using CT and MRI.

Methods Retrospective study of 21 patients (median age: 46.6; gender: 11 female) who underwent CT and MRI of the head and neck region within a time frame of less than 50 days because of suspected head and neck cancer using contrast agent. CT and MR images were segmented by two blinded readers using Medical Imaging Toolkit (MITK) and both modalities were tested (with the equivalence test) regarding the segmented muscle volumes. Adjustment for multiple testing was performed using the Bonferroni test and the potential time effect of the muscle volumes and the time interval between the modalities was assessed by a spearman correlation. The study was approved by the local ethics committee.

Results The median volumes for each muscle belly of the digastric muscle derived from CT were 3051 mm3 (left) and 2969 mm3 (right), and from MRI they were 3218 mm3 (left) and 3027 mm3 (right). The median volume of the geniohyoid muscle was 6580 mm3 on CT and 6648 mm3 on MRI. The interrater reliability was high for all segmented muscles. The mean time interval between the CT and MRI examinations was 34 days (IQR 25; 41). The muscle differences of each muscle between the two modalities did not reveal significant correlation to the time interval between the examinations (digastric left r = 0.003 and digastric right r = –0.008; geniohyoid muscle r = 0.075).

Conclusion CT-based segmentation and MRI-based segmentation of the digastric and geniohyoid muscle are equally feasible. The potential advantage of MRI for prospective studies is the absence of ionizing radiation.

Key Points

  • CT-based segmentation and MRI-based segmentation of the swallowing muscles are equally feasible.

  • The advantage of MRI is the absence of ionizing radiation.

  • MRI should therefore be deployed for future prospective studies.

Citation Format

  • Sporns KB, Hanning U, Schmidt R et al. Volumetric Assessment of Swallowing Muscles: A Comparison of CT and MRI Segmentation. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2018; 190: 441 – 446

Zusammenfassung

Einleitung Retrospektive, auf CT-Daten basierende Studien, beschreiben eine hohe Korrelation zwischen einer Atrophie der Schluckmuskulatur und dem Alter der Patienten, sowie dem Schweregrad einer Dysphagie und der Aspirationsgefahr. Die ionisierende Strahlung stellt bei CT-Untersuchungen jedoch eine ethische Barriere für eine weitere Evaluation dieser Resultate mittels prospektiver Studien dar. Daher besteht ein Bedarf die Effektivität anderer Methoden, die ohne Strahlung auskommen und hochwertige Weichteilkontraste liefern, zu evaluieren. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es daher die Muskel-Volumetrie der Schluckmuskultur von Patienten in CT und MRT zu vergleichen.

Methoden Retrospektive Studie von 21 Patienten (Medianes Alter 46,6 Jahre; Geschlecht: 11 Frauen) die ein CT und MRT der Halsregion in einem Zeitfenster von weniger als 50 Tagen bei Verdacht auf eine Neoplasie der Halsregion erhalten haben. Die CT’s und MRT’s wurden mittels Medical Imaging Toolkit (MITK) segmentiert und die erhaltenen Muskelvolumina wurden mittels Äquivalenztest getestet. Multiples Testen wurden mittels Bonferroni-Test korrigiert und der mögliche Einfluss der Zeit zwischen den Untersuchungen wurde mittels Korrelationsanalyse getestet. Das Einverständnis des lokalen Ethikkomitees liegt vor.

Ergebnisse Die medianen Volumina für den Musculus digastricus im CT betragen 3051 mm3 (links) und 2969 mm3 (rechts), und im MRT 3218 mm3 (links) und 3027 mm3 (rechts). Das mediane Volumen des Musculus geniohyoideus betrug im CT 6580 mm3 und im MRT 6648 mm3. Die Interrater Reliabilität war für alle segmentierten Muskeln hoch. Das mittlere Zeitintervall zwischen CT und MRT betrug 34 Tage (IQR 25; 41). Es lag keine signifikante Assoziation der Zeit zwischen den Untersuchungen und dem Unterschied der Muskelvolumina vor (linker M. digastricus r = 0,003 und rechter M. digastricus r = –0,008; M. geniohyoideus r = 0,075).

Schlussfolgerung Die CT und MRT basierte Volumetrie der Schluckmuskulatur ist möglich und gleichwertig. Der potentielle Vorteil der MRT ist die Anwendbarkeit in prospektiven Studien ohne ionisierende Strahlung.

Kernaussagen

  • Die CT und MRT basierte Segmentation der Schluckmuskulatur ist gleichwertig.

  • Der Vorteil der MRT ist die fehlende ionisierende Strahlung.

  • Für prospektive Studien kommt damit primär die MRT in Betracht.

 
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