Download PDF
Horm Metab Res 2017; 49(09): 667-672
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-115532
Endocrine Care
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Role of Thyroid Deficiency on Adiponectin, Leptin, and Metabolic Status in Visceral Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study

Lachezar B. Lozanov
1   Department of Endocrinology, Acibadem Sity Clinic, Tokuda Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
,
Desislava Gorcheva
1   Department of Endocrinology, Acibadem Sity Clinic, Tokuda Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
,
Bojan S. Lozanov
2   Bulgarian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Center of Medicine, Sofia, Bulgaria
,
Radka Argirova
3   Clinical Laboratory Unit, Acibadem Sity Clinic, Tokuda Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
,
Veselina Koleva
3   Clinical Laboratory Unit, Acibadem Sity Clinic, Tokuda Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
,
Boyka Kostova
1   Department of Endocrinology, Acibadem Sity Clinic, Tokuda Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
,
Radoslav Petrov Borisov
1   Department of Endocrinology, Acibadem Sity Clinic, Tokuda Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
,
Mariana Nedeva
1   Department of Endocrinology, Acibadem Sity Clinic, Tokuda Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

received 08 April 2017

accepted 27 June 2017

Publication Date:
20 July 2017 (online)

Also available at
    Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

Hypothyroidism results in disturbances of metabolism influencing many regulatory systems and active molecules as adipocytokines. Objective of the study was to investigate leptin and adiponectin in patients with visceral obesity and hypothyroidism in relation to metabolic status, insulin resistance and systemic inflammation. A total of 118 patients (59 hypothyroid and 59 euthyroid) were enrolled divided into four age-matched groups according to body wеight (BMI) and thyroid function. Laboratory panel includes TSH, FT4, FT3 (CMIA), adiponectin and leptin (ELISA), IL- 6 (ECLIA), CRP, insulin, glucose, apolipoprotein B and lipoprotein (a) - Lp(a). Hypothyroid patients revealed significant positive correlations of TSH, adiponectin and Lp(a). Their medians of 10.4 mU/l, 12.5 µg/ml and 116.3 mg/l respectively were significantly higher than in euthyroid patients- 1.5 mU/l, 6.26 µg/ml and 32.0 mU/l (p < 0.0001). Leptin in both obese groups was significantly higher than in patients with normal weight. Leptin in hypothyroid patients was lower but not significant to euthyroid ones (9.7 ng/ml vs 13.4 ng/ml respectively, p = 0.16), correlated negatively to TSH and positively to CRP, IL-6, ApoB, Lp(a) and BMI. HOMA-IR and serum insulin at 120 min in OGTT were significantly higher in hypothyroid than in euthyroid patients independent of BMI (p < 0.001). Adiponectin, insulin resistance and chronic inflammation indices in hypothyroid patients correlated positively to TSH, BMI and atherogenic lipoproteins subclasses ApoB/Lp(a). Increased adiponectin in thyroid deficiency could be due to secondary resistance of adiponectin receptors or appeared as a compensatory pathogenetic factor in hypothyroidism.

Key words

hypothyroidism - IL-6 - LP(a) - visceral obesity - insulin resistance - metabolic syndrome
 

  • References

  • 1 Menendez C, Baldelli R, Camiña JP, Escudero B, Peino R, Dieguez C, Casanueva FF. TSH stimulates leptin secretion by a direct effect on adipocytes. J Endocrinol 2003; 176: 7-12
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Biondi B. Thyroid and obesity: An intriguing relationship. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010; 95: 3614-3616
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Marzullo P, Minocci A, Tagliaferri MA, Guzzaloni G, Di Blasio A, De Medici C, Aimareti G, Luizzi A. Investigations of thyroid hormones and antibodies in obesity: leptin levels are associated with thyroid autoimmunity independent of bioanthropometric, hormonal and weight-related determinants. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010; 95: 3965-3972
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Galofre J, Fruhbeck G, Salvador JJ. Obesity and Thyroid Function: Pathophysiological and Therapeutic Implications. Hot Thyroid 6/10: 1-22
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Sorisky A, Bell A, Gagnon A. TSH receptor in adipose cells. Horm Metab Res 2000; 32: 468-474
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Benseñor IM, Goulart AC, Molina Maria del Carmen B, Peixoto de Miranda Érique J, Santos IS, Lotufo PA. Thyrotropin Levels, Insulin Resistance and Metabolic Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Analysis in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2015; 13: 362-369
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Marchiori RC, Pereira LAF, Naujorks AA, Diego LR, Daiane FM, Marta MMFD, João BTR. Improvement of blood inflammatory marker levels in patients with hypothyroidism under levothyroxine treatment. BMC Endocr Disord 2015; 15: 32
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Alberti KG, Eckel RH, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ, Cleeman JI, Donato KA, Fruchart JC, James WP, Loria CM, Smith Jr SC. International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention; Hational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Atherosclerosis Society; International Association for the Study of Obesity . Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome: a joint interim statement of the International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Atherosclerosis Society and International Association for the Study of Obesity. Circulation 2009; 120: 1640-1645
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Iwen KA, Schröder E, Brabant G. Thyroid hormones and the metabolic syndrome. Eur Thyroid J 2013; 2: 83-92
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Elenkov IJ. Neurohormonal-cytokine interactions: Implications for inflammation, common human diseases and well-being. Neurochem Int 2008; 52: 40-51
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Ruhla S, Weicker MO, Arafat AM, Mohlig M. A high normal TSH is associated with the metabolic syndrome. Clin Endocrinol 2010; 72: 696-701
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Lee YK, Kim JE, Oh HJ, Park KS, Kim SK, Serum TSH. level in healthy Koreans and the association of TSH with serum lipid concentration and metabolic syndrome. Korean J Intern Med 2011; 26: 432-439
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Shinkov A, Borissova AM, Kovatcheva R, Atanassova I, Vlahov J, Dakovska L. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome increases through the quartiles of thyroid stimulating hormone in a population-based sample of euthyroid subjects. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol 2014; 58: 926-932
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Fontenelle LC, Feitosa MM, Severo JS, Freitas TEC, Morais JBS, Torres-Leal FL, Henriques GS, do Nascimento Marreiro D. Thyroid Function in Human Obesity: Underlying Mechanisms. Horm Metab Res 2016; 48: 787-794
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Lin SY, Wang YY, Liu PH, Lai WA, Sheu WAH. Lower serum free thyroxine levels are associated with metabolic syndrome in a Chinese population. Metabolism 2005; 54: 1524-1528
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Waring AC, Rodondi N, Harrison S, Kanaya AM, Simonsick EM. Thyroid function and prevalent and incident metabolic syndrome in older adults: the health, ageing and body composition study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2012; 76: 911-918
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Yetkin DO, Dogantekin B. The Lipid Parameters and Lipoprotein(a) Excess in Hashimoto Thyroiditis. Int J Endocrinol 2015; 1-6
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Altinova AE, Toruner FB, Akturk M, Bukan N, Cahir N, Ayvaz G, Arslanl M. Adiponectin levels and cardiovascular risk factors in hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2006; 65: 530-535
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Gómez-Zamudio JH, Mendoza-Zubieta V, Ferreira-Hermosillo A, Molina-Ayala MA, Valladares-Sálgado A, Suárez-Sánchez F, Jesús Peralta-Romero J, Cruz M. High Thyroid-stimulating hormone levels increase proinflammatory and cardiovascular markers in patients with extreme obesity. Arch Med Res 2016; 47: 476-482
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Abdel Salami M, Edree HM. Effect of different conditions of thyroid function on serum adiponectin, visfatin and vaspin levels in rats. Basic Sci Med 2015; 4: 12-19
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Mazaki-Tovi M, Abbod SK, Kol A, Farcas A, Schenck PA. Increased serum concentration of adiponectin in canine hypothyroidism. Veter J 2015; 203: 253-255
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Nese C, Alper G. Association between novel adipocytokines adiponectin, vaspin, visfatin and thyroid: An experimental and clinical update. Endocr Connect 2013; 2: R30-R38
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Didem O, Selcuk D, Aydan U. Serum adiponectin levels and changes in glucose metabolism before and after treatment for thyroid dysfunction. Intern Med 2015; 54: 1849-1857
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Kokkinos A, Mourouzis I, Kyriaki D, Pantos C, Katsilambros N, Cokkinos DV. Possible implications of leptin, adiponectin and ghrelin in the regulation of energy homeostasis by thyroid hormone. Endocrine 2007; 32: 30-32
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Xiaoxuan S, Xiaoke F, Wenfeng T, Na L, Minhui H, Yu W, Fang W, Ningli L, Miaojia Z. Adiponectin exacerbates collagen-induced arthritis via enhancing Th-17 response and promoting RANKL expression. Sci Rep 2015; 11: 296
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Lozanov B, Lozanov L, Koleva V, Vankova M, Gorcheva D, Kostova B, Nedeva N, Vukov M. Association between metabolic syndrome, obesity and autoimmune thyroid diseases. Endocrinologia 2014; 19: 94-100
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Ladan M, Atieh A, Parnian KR, Maryam T, Zhale T, Fereidoun A. Thyroid function and metabolic syndrome: A population-based thyroid study. Horm Metab Res 2017; 49: 192-200
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar