Lungenmetastasenchirurgie bei Patienten mit fortgeschrittenen Weichteil- und Osteosarkomen

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund Weichteil- und Osteosarkome sind häufig mit Lungenmetastasen vergesellschaftet. Patienten sind für eine kurative Metastasektomie geeignet, wenn der Primärtumor erfolgreich reseziert worden ist, sie lediglich pulmonale Metastasen aufweisen und die funktionelle Operabilität sowie die vollständige Metastasenresektion gewährleistet sind.

Material und Methoden Systematische Literaturrecherche und qualitative Analyse aller ab dem 01.01.2010 publizierten Fallserien über Patienten nach vollständiger Sarkomresektion und anschließender Lungenmetastasenchirurgie. Zielparameter waren operative Befunde, Überlebensdaten und Prognosefaktoren.

Ergebnisse Die Lungenmetastasenchirurgie ermöglicht ein medianes Postmetastasektomieüberleben von 8,76 bis 69,9 Monaten. Postoperativ werden nach Metastasektomie 5-Jahres-Überlebensraten zwischen 21,7 und 56,8% erreicht, dabei hängt die Prognose maßgeblich von der vollständigen Resektion aller Lungenmetastasen ab. Intrapulmonale Rezidive können nach kritischer Indikationsstellung reseziert werden und mit einer günstigen Prognose verbunden sein.

Schlussfolgerungen Für selektionierte Patienten mit Osteosarkomen und isolierter Lungenmetastasierung sollte die Metastasektomie die Therapie der Wahl sein. Patienten mit Weichteilsarkomen und isolierter pulmonaler Metastasierung können bei richtiger Indikationsstellung von einem chirurgischen Eingriff profitieren.

Abstract

Background Advanced soft tissue or osteosarcoma is often associated with lung metastases. Curative pulmonary metastasectomy is appropriate for patients with successfully resected primary cancer who show no evidence of extrapulmonary metastases, with proven functional operability and completely resectable metastases.

Material and Methods Systematic literature research and qualitative analysis of studies on patients undergoing lung metastasectomy after resection of primary sarcoma published since 01.01.2010. We assessed operative findings, survival data and prognostic factors.

Results Pulmonary metastasectomy results in a median postmetastasectomy survival of 8.76 to 69.9 months. Five year survival rates after metastasectomy vary between 21.7 and 56.8%. The patientsʼ prognosis depends particularly on complete resection of all suspected metastases. Intrapulmonary recurrence could be treated by repeated resection, but this procedure requires careful decision for indication. Re-metastasectomy might result in a favourable outcome in selected cases.

Conclusion Pulmonary metastasectomy should be considered as treatment of choice in selected patients with isolated lung metastases from osteosarcoma. Optimal indication might lead to an advantage in patients with metastasectomy of isolated lung metastases from soft tissue.

Schlüsselwörter

Weichteilsarkom - Osteosarkom - Lungenmetastasen - R0-Resektion - Metastasektomie

Key words

soft tissue sarcoma - osteosarcoma - lung metastases - R0 resection - metastasectomy

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