HLA-B27-positive akute anteriore Uveitis – eine translationale Perspektive

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund Die HLA-B27-positive akute anteriore Uveitis ist die häufigste Uveitisform und eine Autoimmunerkrankung, die durch Infektionen ausgelöst werden kann. Der genaue Mechanismus der hierbei auftretenden Interaktionen zwischen den beteiligten Mikroben (meistens gramnegative Bakterien) und dem körpereigenen Immunsystem ist bislang unklar. Die Erkrankung resultiert vermutlich aus einem Ungleichgewicht zwischen pro- und antiinflammatorischen Komponenten.

Projektbeschreibung Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt einen kompakten Überblick des aktuellen Wissensstands der Klinik und Ätiopathogenese der akuten anterioren Uveitis als Grundlage zukünftiger Forschungsansätze. Ziel aktueller Forschung ist die Aufschlüsselung der zellulären und molekularen pathogenetischen Faktoren bei der akuten anterioren Uveitis. So wird im Teilprojekt „Uveitis“ der klinischen Forschergruppe FOR 2240 „(Lymph)Angiogenesis and Cellular Immunity in Inflammatory Diseases of the Eye“ untersucht, ob eine Fehlfunktion regulatorischer Zellpopulationen und antiinflammatorischer Zytokine, wie z. B. Interleukin-10 (IL-10), zur Entwicklung von okulärer Autoimmunität nach Infektionen beitragen könnte. Ziel ist die Etablierung neuer Marker für die individuelle Empfänglichkeit in der Risikogruppe HLA-B27-positiver Menschen, denn nur etwa 1% der HLA-B27-positiven Bevölkerung entwickelt eine akute anteriore Uveitis.

Schlussfolgerungen Translationale Forschungsansätze zur Identifizierung prädisponierter Risikopersonen aus der HLA-B27-positiven Bevölkerung könnten die Patientenversorgung sowohl auf einer präventiven als auch einer therapeutischen Ebene verbessern.

Abstract

Background HLA-B27 positive acute anterior uveitis is the most common type of uveitis, and it is an autoimmune disease that can be triggered by infections. The precise mechanism of the interaction between involved microbes (mostly gram negative bacteria) and the host immune system is not clear. The disease probably results from an imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory components.

Project description This article gives a compact overview about the current knowledge of the clinic and the etiopathogenesis of acute anterior uveitis as a basis for future research approaches. The goal of the current research is to classify the cellular and molecular pathogenetic factors in acute anterior uveitis. In this regard, a project on uveitis within the clinical research unit FOR 2240 “(Lymph)Angiogenesis and Cellular Immunity in Inflammatory Diseases of the Eye”, examines the hypothesis that dysregulation of regulatory cell populations and anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-10 (IL-10), might contribute to the development of ocular autoimmunity following infections. The goal is to establish new markers for individual susceptibility in the risk group of the HLA-B27 positive population, because only about 1% of the HLA-B27 positive population will eventually develop acute anterior uveitis.

Conclusions Translational research approaches to identify predisposed risk groups from the HLA-B27 population could improve patient care both on a prophylactic and a therapeutic level.

Schlüsselwörter

HLA-B27 - Diagnose - Pathogenese - Therapie - Uveitis

Key words

HLA-B27 - diagnosis - pathogenesis - therapy - uveitis

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