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Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2023; 36(03): 125-131
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1760377
Original Research

The Effect of Location of a Unicortical Defect on the Mechanical Properties of Rabbit Tibiae: A Model of the Distal Jig Pin Hole in Tibial Plateau Levelling Osteotomy

Max J. Lloyd
1   Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
,
Daniel J. Wills 
2   Surgical and Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
,
James D. Crowley
2   Surgical and Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
,
Tian Wang
2   Surgical and Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
,
Christopher J. Tan
2   Surgical and Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
,
William R. Walsh 
2   Surgical and Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
› Institutsangaben
Funding This study was partially funded by the Sydney School of Veterinary Science as part of a final year Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM) student research project.
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Abstract

Objective The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a unicortical defect at either the mid-diaphysis (MD) or distal metaphysis (DM) on the torsional properties of tibiae in an in vitro rabbit model, and to further examine optimal distal jig pin position for the canine tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO) procedure.

Study Design Thirty-eight tibiae from 19 skeletally mature female New Zealand White rabbits were assigned to one of three groups; Group 1: intact, Group 2: MD defect and Group 3: DM defect. Defects were created using a 1.6 mm Ellis pin. Pure torsion was applied to each sample and peak torque and angular displacement recorded.

Results All tibiae fractured in a spiral configuration. Fracture lines involved the defect in 33% of the MD samples and 0% of the DM samples. No differences were detected for peak torque and stiffness between groups. However, energy (mean ± standard deviation) was significantly reduced (p = 0.028) in the MD group (0.18 ± 0.07) relative to the intact tibia group (0.31 ± 0.14). Angle was also significantly reduced (p = 0.040) in the MD group (0.17 ± 0.05) compared with the intact group (0.23 ± 0.07). Placement of a DM defect had no significant effect on mechanical properties of the rabbit tibiae.

Conclusion Defects placed in the MD significantly reduced energy and angle in comparison to intact samples. No significant difference in peak torque or stiffness was observed between groups. If canine tibiae were similarly affected, our findings suggest jig pin placement in the DM to have a lesser effect on the torsional properties of the tibiae.

Keywords

mechanical properties - pin tract - tibia - tibial plateau levelling osteotomy - stress riser

Authors' Contributions

D.J.W. and W.R.W. conceived of the study. M.J.L., D.J.W., J.D.C., C.J.T., W.R.W. contributed to the study design. M.J.L. and T.W. acquired study data. M.J.L., D.J.W., J.D.C., C.J.T., W.R.W. contributed to drafting and revision of the manuscript, all authors read and approved the submitted manuscript and are accountable for relevant content.




Publikationsverlauf

Eingereicht: 19. November 2021

Angenommen: 22. November 2022

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
23. Januar 2023

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