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J Pediatr Infect Dis 2022; 17(05): 258-263
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1756714
Original Article

Assessment of Serum Zinc and Selenium Levels in Children with COVID-19

Authors

  • Aysegul Kirankaya 

    1   Department of Biochemistry, Health Science University, Bagcılar Research and Education Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

  • Abdulrahman Ozel

    2   Department of Pediatrics, Health Science University, Bagcılar Research and Education Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

  • Ozlem Bostan Gayret

    2   Department of Pediatrics, Health Science University, Bagcılar Research and Education Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

  • Adem Atici

    3   Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

  • Aslihan Tenekecigil

    4   Department of Medical Biochemistry, Gazi University Institute of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey

  • Meltem Erol

    2   Department of Pediatrics, Health Science University, Bagcılar Research and Education Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Abstract

Objective Zinc and selenium levels are being investigated with increasing frequency in adult patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, levels of zinc and selenium in children with COVID-19 have not been adequately studied to date.

Methods This prospective, observational study was conducted on 146 pediatric patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and 49 healthy controls between 2020 and 2021. Normal serum zinc reference values were 0.60 to 1.20 µg/mL for children 0 to 10 years old and 0.66 to 1.10 µg/mL for children ≥11 years old. The normal range for serum selenium concentration was considered between 70 and 150 µg/L. Deficiencies were defined for values below the reference range.

Results Zinc and selenium levels were significantly lower in the COVID-19 (+) group compared with the controls (zinc: 0.7 ± 0.2 vs 0.9 ± 0.2 µg/mL, p < 0.001; selenium: 57.1 ± 9.1 vs 66.5 ± 11.4 µg/L, p < 0.01, respectively). Also, zinc and selenium levels were found to be statistically significantly lower in the hospitalized group compared with the outpatient group (zinc: 0.6 ± 0.2 vs 0.8 ± 0.2 µg/mL, p < 0.001; selenium: 52.1 ± 9.6 vs 58.8 ± 8.3 µg/L, p < 0.001). In the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, selenium levels with a cutoff value of 55.50 µg/L, with 75% sensitivity and 70% specificity, and zinc levels with a cutoff value of 0.7 µg/mL, with 56% sensitivity and 53% specificity, predicted hospitalization.

Conclusion Our data showed that serum zinc and selenium levels were significantly lower in patients with COVID-19 compared with healthy control group. Also, zinc and selenium levels were found to be lower in the hospitalized group compared with the outpatient COVID-19 group.

Keywords

zinc - selenium - COVID-19 in children


Publication History

Received: 18 March 2022

Accepted: 07 July 2022

Article published online:
28 September 2022

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