Download PDF
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Indian J Radiol Imaging 2022; 32(04): 594-600
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1753465
Case Report

Unravelling the Imaging Conundrum of Rabies

Banupriya Ramakrishnan 
1   Department of Radiodiagnosis, Apollo Cancer Institute, Teynampet, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
,
Geethapriya Sivaramalingam
1   Department of Radiodiagnosis, Apollo Cancer Institute, Teynampet, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
,
Bagyam Raghavan 
1   Department of Radiodiagnosis, Apollo Cancer Institute, Teynampet, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
,
Jayaraj Govindaraj
1   Department of Radiodiagnosis, Apollo Cancer Institute, Teynampet, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
› Author Affiliations
› Further Information
   Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

Rabies is a major disease burden worldwide, especially in Asia. Approximately, 59,000 human deaths per year occurs in over 150 countries due to rabies, with Africa and Asia contributing 95% of cases. It is a fatal infection of central nervous system (CNS) caused by rabies RNA virus via transmission through bite of an infected animal, aerosols, open wound, or organ transplantation. Magnetic resonance imaging helps in early detection of involvement of CNS and to differentiate rabies encephalitis from other conditions like Guillain-Barre syndrome, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and other viral encephalitis.

Keywords

rabies encephalitis - atypical imaging - restricted diffusion - hemorrhage

Prior Publication

None.


Support

None.


Permissions

None.




Publication History

Article published online:
31 October 2022

© 2022. Indian Radiological Association. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
A-12, 2nd Floor, Sector 2, Noida-201301 UP, India

 

  • References

  • 1 World Health Organization | Epidemiology and burden of disease. 2018 https://www.who.int/rabies/epidemiology/en/ Accessed February 6, 2022
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Jackson AC. Diabolical effects of rabies encephalitis. J Neurovirol 2016; 22 (01) 8-13
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Rao AS, Varma DR, Chalapathi Rao MV, Mohandas S. Case report: magnetic resonance imaging in rabies encephalitis. Indian J Radiol Imaging 2009; 19 (04) 301-304
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Co SJ, Mackenzie IR, Shewchuk JR. Rabies encephalitis. Radiographics 2015; 35 (01) 235-238
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Fishbein DB, Bernard KW. Rabies virus. In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R. eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 4th edition.. New York: Churchill-Livingstone; 1995: 1527-1541
    Google Scholar
  • 6 Santhoshkumar A, Kalpana D, Sowrabha R. Rabies encephalomyelitis vs. ADEM: usefulness of MR imaging in differential diagnosis. J Pediatr Neurosci 2012; 7 (02) 133-135
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Mani J, Reddy BC, Borgohain R, Sitajayalakshmi S, Sundaram C, Mohandas S. Magnetic resonance imaging in rabies. Postgrad Med J 2003; 79 (932) 352-354
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Awasthi M, Parmar H, Patankar T, Castillo M. Imaging findings in rabies encephalitis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2001; 22 (04) 677-680
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Bokade CM, Gajimwar VS, Meshram RM, Wathore SB. Survival of atypical rabies encephalitis. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2019; 22 (03) 319-321
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Laothamatas J, Hemachudha T, Mitrabhakdi E, Wannakrairot P, Tulayadaechanont S. MR imaging in human rabies. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2003; 24 (06) 1102-1109
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Starkey J, Kobayashi N, Numaguchi Y, Moritani T. Cytotoxic lesions of the corpus callosum that show restricted diffusion: mechanisms, causes, and manifestations. Radiographics 2017; 37 (02) 562-576
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar