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DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1751280
Bacterial-Type Long-Chain Polyphosphates Bind Human Proteins in the Phosphatidylinositol Signaling Pathway
Funding This work was supported by financial resources obtained from the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (01EO1503 to M.B.), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (BO3482/3–3, BO3482/4–1 to M.B.), and the National Institutes of Health (R01AI153613 to M.B.). C.R. was awarded a Fellowship of the Gutenberg Research College at the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz.Introduction
Inorganic polyphosphates are linear polymers of monophosphate residues (Pi) that exist as short chains (Pi30–120) in platelet δ-granules and as long chains in bacteria.[1] A higher chain length increases the activity of these anionic polymers to accelerate factor XIIa-mediated factor XI activation, thrombin generation, block tissue factor pathway inhibitor activity, and strengthen fibrin clots by enhancing their mechanical stability and resistance to fibrinolysis.[2] [3] In bacteria, polyphosphates are associated with energy and phosphate storage, stress resistance, chelation of metal ions, and escaping host immunity.[4] During severe infections, long-chain polyphosphates from bacteria contribute to coagulopathy, neutrophil extracellular trap formation, and vascular-endothelial dysfunction.[3] [5] [6] However, the mechanisms that convey the pleiotropic activities of polyphosphates in living cells remain understudied.
* These authors contributed equally.
Publication History
Received: 10 December 2021
Accepted: 17 May 2022
Article published online:
30 July 2022
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